1

Framework of Smart Grid For Multan ,

perception to practicality

Amber Fatima (2010-EE-22 )

Eisha Malik
(2010-EE-27 )
Sobia Qasim
(2010-EE-38 )
Pashmina Khan (2010-EE-48 )

Smart Grid
A smart grid delivers electricity from suppliers to
consumers using digital and power electronics
technology with two-way communications" to :

Data acquisition
Automatic
operation

Supervision
Control

Save energy

Meters

Protect system

Self healing, PMU & sensor

Block Diagram of Smart Grid

.

Distributed generation

Energy
storage

Generation

Renewabl
e energy

Grid
source

Transmission

Monitoring

Smart
metering

Home
networki
ng

Renewabl
e
Energy
(fuel
cell))
5

Smart grid technology

implementation curve

security
Distribution automation
Demand response
Communication infrastructure

Intelligent
application&
Grid
optimization

wide area networking

Implementation of FACTS devices
We are
here

Renewable energy resource

Implement in
software

AMR

Objectives

Simulation of H.A fibers in the Matlab/simulink.

Use of FACT devices

Distributed generation of Renewable Resources

Improving the power quality.

Cost analysis of conventional model

Cost analysis of H.A fibers industry with fuel cell.

FACTS(Flexible Alternating Current

The concept of FACT refers to a family of power

transmission system)
electronics- based devices able to enhance AC system
controllability and stability and to increase power
transfer capability.

STATCOM Definition
The Static Synchronous Compensator is a shunt
connected reactive power compensation device that
is capable of generating and/or absorbing reactive
power at a given and in which the output can be varied.

10

Distributed generation
In

distributed generation, the generation sources are

located close to load centers and transmission of

power over long distance is not required.
Some

explicit source is required to maintain power

quality.
Use

power electronics based compensating devices

e.g. D-Statcom in co-ordination with DGs for better

PQ and system reliability
11

Distributed generation by Fuel cell

The

fuel cell stack consists of one thousand cells.

Minimum
Opposite

operation of electrolyzer.

Formation
Installed

capacity of fuel cell is 50kW.

of bond by combining hydrogen and air.

area is less than other renewable sources

like wind and solar.

12

Continue...

13

Formation of the system model

Model of the practical MV distribution system feeding

the real time load of local industry named H.A Fibers
located near 500KV Grid Station, NTDC Multan,
Pakistan is implemented.

The industry runs a 2.5MW inductive load as nearly all

the machines are 3-phase induction motors for
processing and production of fiber.

Total length of the feeder from Mepco is 6.5km.

14

Continue...

Length of the line from fuel cell is 5km.

Three Stacks are used to feed 1MW inductive load.

Each stack has capacity of 333kW.

Installed the D-STATCOM to improve the voltage

regulation and power factor.

Use the static switch to islanded the grid from fuel cell .

MATLAB R2014a software is used for this simulation.

15

Simulation

16

Control Schemes for D-STATCOM

17

Conventional grid

Consumers are unformed and

do not participate

Dominated by central
generation, many obstacles
exist for distributed energy
resources interconnection
Focus on outages, slow
response to power quality
issues
Responds to prevent further
damage, focus on protecting
assets following a fault

Smart grid

Informed, Involved consumers,

demand response and
distributed energy resources
Many distributed energy
resources with plug and play
convenience focus on
renewables.
Power quality a priority with a
variety of quality/price options,
rapid resolution of issues
Automatically detects and
responds to problems; focus on
prevention, minimizing impact
to consumers

18

s
i
s
y
l
a
n
A

19

Cost analysis
The cost analysis carried out substantiates that,
in the severe energy crisis of Country, it is
much viable to feed the industrial load with
green energy i.e. Fuel Cells than conventional
method.
.
20

Conventional System Costing

SR #
1
2
3
4
5
6

Unit

Value

Total Load

1MW

Sui Gas Unit Cost (Rs.)

Sui Gas Consumption Per Day (Units)

9,000

Ideal Sui Gas Working Hours

Cost of Sui Gas per Day (Rs.)

54,000

Cost of Sui Gas per Year (Rs.)

1,94,40,000

Maintenance cost (Sui Gas Genset) per Year (Rs.)

10,00,000

Total cost on Sui Gas / Year (O&M + Fuel) (Rs.)

2,04,40,000

Total Cost on Sui Gas / 05 Year (O&M + Fuel) (Rs.)

10,22,00,000

8
9

21

Continue
SR #

Unit

Value

10
WAPDA Electricity Units Consumption per Day (Rs.)

20,000

WAPDA Electricity Per Unit Cost (Rs.)

20

Ideal WAPDA Electricity Working Hours

16

Cost of WAPDA Electricity per Day (Rs.)

4,00,000

Cost of WAPDA Electricity per Year (Rs.)

14,60,00,000

Cost of WAPDA Electricity for 05 Years (Rs.)

73,0000,000

Total Cost of SUI Gas + WAPDA Electricity Per Year (Rs.)

16,64,40,000

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Total Cost of SUI Gas + WAPDA Electricity for 5 Years

(Rs.)

83,22,00,000

22

Costing & Saving with Hydrogen Fuel

Cell 1MW
SR #
1
2
3
4

Unit
Total Load
Initial Investment Cost (Rs.)
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Provision for No. of Hours
Fuel Consumption of Hydrogen Fuel Cell System
(Kg/Day)

5
6
7
8

Cost of Hydrogen Fuel/Kg (Rs.)

Cost of Hydrogen Fuel per Year (Rs.)
Cost of Hydrogen Fuel for 5 Year (Rs.)
Total Cost (Initial Investment + Running Cost) for 5
Years (Rs.)

Total Cost of SUI Gas + WAPDA Electricity for 5

Years (Rs.)

10

Value
1MW
37,0000,000
24
400
200
2,88,00000
14,40,000,00
51,40,000,00

83,2200,000

Cost Saving using fuel cell instead of Wapda +

Sui-Gas in 5 Years (Rs.)

31,82,00,000

23

The payback chart in bar form

24

Production Loss Saving for Average

Outage of 2 Hours / day for 5 Years
SR #

1
2
3
4

Unit

Value

Average Outage (Wapda + Gas) in hours / Day

Average Outage (Wapda + Gas) in hours / year

720

Production of Fiber Bags per hour

Sale Price per Bag (Rs.)

25
20,000

Production loss for 2 Hours Outage per Year

(Rs.)

Production loss for 2 Hours Outage for 5 Years

(Rs.)

1,800,000,000

Pay Back at the end of 5 Years from Fuel Cell

Installation (Rs.)

31,82,00,000

Total Profit (Payback + Outage Loss Saving) at

the end of 5 Years (Rs.)

360,000,000

2,11,8200,000
25

Hindrance in the implementation of

smart grid

Biggest concern: it has security and privacy issues.

Two-way communication between power consumer and

provider and sensors, so it is costly.

Not simply a single component various technology

components are used i.e. software, system integrators,
the power generators.

26

CONCLUSION

With the increasing world population, thereby increasing

demand the need to be smart and efficient in our energy usage
has become an imperative.

Implementation of Smart Grid concept would go a long way

in solving many of the present energy issues and problems.

As the new technologies would be invented and existing ones

boosted up to meet the desired specifications the Smart Grid
would become a reality and change the whole energy pattern
throughout the world.

28