A Technical seminar

on
UNIFIED POWER QUALITY
CONDITIONER(UPQC)

SUMITTED BY:
Naveen

CONTENTS
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)

Introduction
Power Quality
Power quality problems
Voltage sags, swells
Long interruption, Harmonics distortion
Voltage fluctuation
Custom power devices
Distribution SATCOM
Dynamic voltage restorer
Unified power quality conditioner
Bock diagram
Single line diagram of the UPQC test system
Simulation & Result
Conclusion

INTRODUCTION
Unified power quality conditioners (UPQCs) allow the

mitigation of voltage and current disturbances that could affect

sensitive electrical loads while compensating the load reactive
power.
It aims at the integration of series-active and shunt-active

power filters.
The main purpose of a UPQC is to compensate for voltage

imbalance, reactive power, negative-sequence current and

harmonics.

Power Quality

Power quality means quality of thermal

voltage supplied to your facilities
Voltage provided should be as close as
possible nominal voltage and waveform
must be pure sine wave free form any
harmonics and other distributions.

Power quality problemn

Power quality problemn can be brodly
classified into following categories.
Voltage sag
Voltage swell
Long interruptions
Harmonics distortion
Voltage Fluctuations

Voltage sags

Normal waveform

voltage sags

A decrease of nominal
voltage level b/w 10-90% of
the nominal rms voltage at
the power frequency for
durations of 0.5 cycle to 1
min.
CAUSES:
faults on transmission &
distribution n/w.
Faults in consumers
installation.
Connection of heavy loads
and start up of large motors.

Voltage swells

Normal waveform

Voltage swell

Momentary increase in
vtg,at the power freq.
Outside the normal
tolerances,with duration
of more than one cycle
and typically ,less than a
few seconds.
Causes:
Start/stop of heavy loads.
Poorly regulated transformers.
Poorly dimensioned power
sources.

Total interruption of
electrical supply for
duration greater than 1 to
2 sec.

Causes:

Equipment failure in
power system n/w.
Human error.
bad coordination of failure
of protection devices.

Normal waveform

Long interruption

Long interruption

Harmonic distortions

Normal waveform

Harmonic distortion

The voltage or current

waveform not in sin
form,the wave form
corresponds to the sum of
different sine wave with
different magnitude and
phase , having freq. That
are multiple of powersystem frequency.
Causes:
High efficiency lighting.
Machine working above
magnetic saturation.
Switched mode power
supplies.

Very fast variation of the

voltage value for duration
form a serval microsec. To
few micro sec.

Causes:
Lightning.
Switching of lines or power
factor correction capacitors.
Disconnection of heavy
loads.

Voltage fluctuation

Voltage fluctuation

Custom power devices

For improving the system performance for

distribution system, the concepts of
custom power was introduced to
distribution systems.

Types of custom power devices:

Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR)
Distribution Static synchronous
Compensators (DSTATCOM)
Unified power quality conditioner(UPQC)

Distribution Statcom (DSTATCOM)

The purpose of the DSTATCOM is to cancel load

harmonics fed to the supply

Dynamic Voltage Restorer

(DVR)

Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC)

The

best protection for sensitive loads from

sources with inadequate quality, is shuntseries connection i.e. unified power quality
conditioner (UPQC) .

UPQC improves the power quality by

preventing load current harmonics and by
correcting the input power factor.

Block diagram

Single Line Diagram of the

UPQC Test System

PI controller is used for controlling the

UPQC.

SIMULATION AND RESULTS

Unified power quality conditioner for

power quality improvement of Following
distribution networks is carried out:

Distribution network having adjustable

speed drive load i.e. field oriented
induction motor.

Distribution network having field oriented

control induction motor as load during
fault conditions.

Induction motor as an
Adjustable speed drive

Parameters of test system for field oriented control induction

motor load
S. No.

System Quantities

Standards

Source

3-phase, 13kV, 50Hz

Inverter parameters

IGBT

based,

3-arm,

6-Pulse,

Carrier

Frequency=1080 Hz, Sample Time=5 s

3

PI controller

KP=0.5, Ki=1000 for series control

Kp=0.5, Ki=1000 for shunt control, Sample
time=50 s

RL load

Active power = 1kW, Inductive Reactive

Power=400 VAR

Motor load

Voltage Vrms=11kV, Frequency 50 Hz

Transformer1

Y// 13/115/115kV

Results when Field oriented control induction motor drive is used as load

Current waveform without UPQC

Total harmonic distortion without UPQC for current

VOLTAGE WAVEFORM
WITHOUT UPQC

TOTAL HARMONIC
DISTORTION WITHOUT
UPQC FOR CURRENT

Applications

Voltage sag and swell correction

Voltage balancing
Voltage regulation
Flicker attenuation
VAR compensation, active and reactive
power control.
Harmonic suppression, current
balancing.

Conclusion

In order to protect critical loads from

more voltage harmonics and current
harmonics in the distribution network
Due to its reliability it was adopted as the
optimal solution for the compensation of
voltage and current.
Effectiveness of multi-level UPQC can be
investigated.

THANK YOU