Overhead Bytes

ZTE University
Transmission Course Team
ZTE University

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Contents

SDH Overhead Overview

Section Overhead
Path Overhead
Summary
The focus is alarm, performance monitoring principle
ZTE University

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SDHOverheadOverview
RSOH
SOH
MSOH
Overhead
HighOrder
POH
POH

ZTE University

LowOrder
POH

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SectionOverhead
R
S
O
H

A1

A1

A1

A2

A2

B1

E1

D1

D2

J0

F1

D3

AU-PTR
B2

M
S
O
H

A2

B2

B2

K1

K2

D4

D5

D6

D7

D8

D9

D10

D11

D12

S1

M1

E2

rows

9 bytes
Bytes reserved for domestic use
Media dependent bytes (temporary usage)
ZTE University

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A1andA2Bytes
Framing bytes A1, A2
Isolate single frame from consecutive signal stream
A1=f6H A2=28H

Consecutivesignalstream

STM-N
STM-N

FindA1,A2

ZTE University

STM-N
STM-N

Cantfindfor5
frame
continuously

STM-N
STM-N

Report

STM-N
STM-N

STM-N
STM-N

STM-N
STM-N

OOF

Continue
for3ms

LOF

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Insertall
1code

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Framing
Find
A1,A2
Y

OOF

LOF
Next
Process
ZTE University

AIS

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J0Byte
Regenerator section trace byte : J0
Identification of RS access point.
Make sure the regenerator section of
sending and receiving points keep
continuously connecting
16 J0 bytes distributed in 16 continuous
STM-N frame for transmitting the access
point identification

ZTE University

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F1Byte
User channel byte : F1
Provide a 64kbit/s data/voice channel for
special maintenance purpose for network
operator.

ZTE University

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D1~D12Bytes
Data Communication Channel Bytes: D1~D12
Channel for OAM message between NE and NE,
NE and network management system terminal
D1-D3 belongs to RSOH, bandwidth is
364kbit/s
D4-D12 belongs to MSOH, bandwidth is
964kbit/s

DCC Channel

NMS

ZTE University

OAM Massage: performance,

alarm, operation command, etc.

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E1andE2Bytes
Order wire byte:E1 and E2

Provide one 64kbit/s digital telephone channel

respectively
E1 transmit RS order wire message
E2 transmit MS order wire message

NE

NE

NE

NE

E1andE2
E1:RS
E2:MS
ZTE University

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B1andB2Bytes
Bit Interleaved Parity 8 (BIP-8) byte: B1
Regenerator section error code monitoring
Detect unit is bit block
B1 BBE represented by RS-BBE

Bit Interleaved Parity N24 code (BIPN24) byte: B2

Multiplexing section error code monitoring
Detect unit is bit block
B2 BBE represented by MS-BBE
ZTE University

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Verify each bit column

Make the total number of 1 in one column to
be even
B1: In unit of 1 byte (8 bits)
B2: In unit of 3 byte (24 bits)

BIP-8

X1 00110011
X2 11001100
X3 10101010
X4 00001111

11001100 11001100 11001100

01011101 01011101 01011101
BIP-24

11110000 10110000 11110000

01100001 01100001 01100001

01011010
0000000

ZTE University

0100000

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0000000

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No.n
Frame

1st
Frame
2nd Frame

ZTE University

Calculate
B1, B2

Verify
B1, B2

1st
Frame

2nd Frame

Tx

Rx

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No.n Frame

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M1Byte
Multiplex Section Remote Error
Indication MS-REI byte: M1
A return message from Rx to Tx when Rx find MS-BBE
Content is sum of error code block verified by Rx used B2
Tx generate corresponding performance event MS-REI
Traffic

Rx

Tx
Return M1

Find B2 Error: MS-BBE

ZTE University

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Generate MS-REI

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K1andK2Bytes
Automatic Protection Switching (APS)
channel byte: K1, K2 ( b1-b5 )
Transmitting APS signaling
Implement equipment self-healing function
Used for network multiplex protection switch
function
Multiplex Section Remote Defect Indication (MSRDI): K2 (b6-b8)
Return alarm message from Rx to Tx
Indicate Rx receiving alarm
K2(b6-b8) value is 110

ZTE University

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Detect
K2(b6~b8)
111
Y
Generate
MSAIS

Other
Operation

Return
MSRDI
ZTE University

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S1Byte
Synchronization status byte:
S1 b5-b8
Value indicate quality level of tracing clock
source
Implement clock source protection function
RSOH, MSOH implement layered monitoring
function

ZTE University

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PathOverhead
HighOrder
POH
POH
LowOrder
POH
Classification
Low order POH: POH of VC12
High order POH: POH of VC4
Difference
Macro and micro
ZTE University

Including and include

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HighOrderPathOverhead
1

VC4

J1
B3
C2
G1
F2
H4
F3
K3
N1

261
1

The structure of High Order Path Overhead

ZTE University

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J1Byte
DetectJ1

Path trace byte: J1

The first byte of VC4

Pointed by AU-PTR
Required match
Set value as need

Match

Y
Next
Process

ZTE University

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HPTIM

InsertAIS
downward

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B3Byte
Path BIP-8 Code

Implement VC4 transmission

performance monitoring
Monitoring principle: BIP-8
even parity
Layered monitoring: B1, B2,
B3

ZTE University

VerifierB3

Correct
Y
Next
process

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HPBBE

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C2Byte
Signal label byte: C2

Indicate the composition

of multiplexing structure
Example:
00H means unequipped
02H means
multiplexing structure
is TUG
Indicate the
information payload of
the VC frame
Required match
ZTE University

DetectC2

00H

Y
HP
UNEQ

N
HP
SLM

Match
Y
Next
process

InsertAIS
downward

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G1Byte
Path status byte: G1
Indicating high order
VC transmission status
Return message from
Rx to Tx
HP-REI: Higher
Order Path Remote
Error indication (sum
of receiving error
block of VC4)
HP-RDI: High Order
Path Remote Defect
Indication
ZTE University

Detect
receivingVC4

HPUNEQ
HPSLM
Y
HPRDI

HPBBE
Y
HPREI

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N
Next
Process

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H4Byte
TU location indicator
byte: H4

Indicate the multi-frame

types and location of the
payload.
For 2M PDH to SDH
multiplexing structure, H4
indicates the current frame is
which frame of the multiframe, allowing Rx to find TUPTR and drop 2M signals.
H4: 00H-03H
ZTE University

Start

00H~03H
Y
Next
Process

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N
HPLOM

InsertAIS
downward
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OtherBytes

F2 and F3: user channel bytes

K3: APS for high order path.
N1: byte for network operator usage

ZTE University

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LowOrderPathOverhead
Here mainly discuss POH in VC12
Location
First byte of each basic frame in a multi-frame
Consist of four bytes
Monitoring VC12 performance during signal
transmission
1
1 V5

4
J2
VC12

N2
VC12

K4
VC12

VC12

9
500us VC12 Multi-frame
ZTE University

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V5Byte
Path status and signal label byte: V5
ThefirstbyteofVC12multiframe
PointedbyTUPTR
Monitorerrorblock,signallabel,pathstatus
Errorblockmonitoring:b1b2
Returnpathstatusmessage:b3,b8
Signallabel:b5b7
SimilarwithB3,C2andG1

ZTE University

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V5Byte
DetectV5

LPBBE
Return
LPREI
b3
ZTE University

Verifyb1&b2,
Correctornot
Y
Next
Process

b5~b7=000
Y
LP
UNEQ
Insert
AIS
Return
LPRDI
b8

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N
N
LP
SLM

Match
Y

Next
Process
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OtherBytes

J2: Low order path trace byte

N2: byte for network operator usage
K4: APS for low order path

ZTE University

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Summary
Implement SDH signal monitoring---overhead
SOHRSOH MSOH
POHHPOH LPOH

STMN
RSOH

ZTE University

STM1
MSOH

VC4
HOPOH

VC12
LOPOH

Layered monitoring function

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