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REVIEW ON
PRODUCTION
OF ACROLEIN
K.RAVIRAJ
S.ABDUL RAHAMAN
AIM:
To Produce 50,000 tons of acrolein per
year
ACROLEIN
It belongs to ,-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds family
C C
Formula:
C H2=CHCHO
Other Names
2-Propenal, Acrylaldehyde, Propenal, Acrylic aldehyde, prop-2-enal, Allyl aldehyde
INRODUCTION
It is simplest unsaturated aldehyde
Acrolein is a clear, colorless, or yellow liquid with a pungent, suffocating
odor
Primary characteristic of acrolein is conjugation of carbonyl group with
vinyl group
Highly toxic with lacrimatory properties
Acrolein is soluble in water, alcohol, ether and acetone.
It may be formed from the breakdown of certain pollutants in outdoor air
or from the burning of organic matter including tobacco, or fuels such as
gasoline or oil
CONT..
AIM: To
HISTORY:
The first industrial process was invented by Degussa in1942, produced acrolein
by aldol condensation of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde
HCH=O + CH3CH=O CH2=CHCHO + H2O
The second process that emerged at the end of the1950s was partial
oxidation of propylene
CH3CH=CH2 + [O] CH2=CHCHO + H2O
The Shell Company initiated the gas phase acrolein production by partial
oxidation of propylene in1958
Followed by stand oil of Ohio(SOHIO)which indentified bismuthmolybdateas the
catalyst for an economical and high yield acrolein production
MAIN PROCESSES:
PROPENE OXIDATION:
GLYCEROL ROUTE:
SELECTION OF A PROCESS:
Out of two processes propene oxidation is commercially attractive one
BECAUSE
Availability of propene is very high
Economically viable
Widely accepted in industries.
Development of catalysts with high selectivity & Yield
Low maintainance cost of process & economic feasiability of process
PROCESS DESCRIPTION:
The current industry standard for production of Acrolein is via the catalytic partial
oxidation of Propylene.
FEED:
Propene
Air
Steam
CATALYST:
1:8:4
AIM: To
The resulting mixture is sent to a fixed bed catalytic reactor in which reaction of
propylene with oxygen occurs
Then resulting gas is then scrubbed with water or water/solvent mixtures in a first
column to remove acrylic acid, polymeric compounds, and traces of acetic acid
Byproduct acrylic acid can be recovered from the bottoms and purified.
Cont
Part of the off-gas from the absorber can be used as inert gas for the reactor
because it contains only non condensable components, such as unreacted
propene, carbon oxides, oxygen, and nitrogen
The rest is purged as waste gas after it passes through a combustion system
The aqueous solution of acrolein is sent to a desorption column , where it is
stripped to give crude acrolein
the bottom stream from this column is cooled and reused as an absorbent
The crude acrolein is distilled to remove low boiling byproducts, such as
acetaldehyde, and heavy ends.
acrolein is then obtained as a 96% pure product that contains only traces of
acetaldehyde
To minimize polymerization, the whole system is stabilized by, e.g.,hydroquinone
MARKET TRENDS:
Acrolein as a chemical product is rarely sold in large amounts on the open
market
the price and market for the chemical is entirely dependent on the products it is
used to create
the market is centred around countries and areas with facilities that process the
chemical further
There are six main products that are produced using Acrolein. These are
polyurethane, polyester resin, acrylic acid and acrylonitrile
USES:
BIOCIDE:
Acrolein is mainly used as a contact herbicide to control
submersed and floating weeds, as well as algae, in irrigation
canals
Used as an agent to control growth of microbes in process feed
lines
Currently, It is used to control growth of algae in oil fields
It is also used as a H2S Scavenger
CHEMICAL PRECURSOR
Used in the production of polyacrylate(SAP)
Methionine production [animal growth, very important amino-acid]
Transparent ballistic polymer[1,3 propanediol] production
Poly-trimethylene terephthalate(PTT) production[ThePTT is widely using in
carpet and textilemanufacturing]
THANKYOU