INTRODUCTION TO ARRAY

C++

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Outline
Introduction
Arrays
Declaring Arrays
Examples Using Arrays

Using looping statement

Characters

Assign

DEFINITION ARRAY
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A collection of objects of the same type stored

contiguously in memory under one name
May be type of any kind of variable
May even be collection of arrays!

For ease of access to any member of array

For passing to functions as a group

 Array

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Group of consecutive memory

locations
Same name and type

To refer to an element, specify

Array name
Position number

Format:

arrayname[position number]

First element at position 0

n element array named c:
c[0], c[1]...c[n1]

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Array elements are like normal variables

c[0] = 3;
cout<< c[0];
Perform

operations in subscript. If x equals 3

c[5-2] == c[3] == c[x]

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Array
# of elements Size of
Array
Definition
Element
Size
-------------------------------------------------------------------------char letters[25]; 251 byte25 bytes
short rings[100];1002 bytes200 bytes
int miles[84]; 844 bytes336 bytes
float temp[12]; 12 4 bytes48 bytes
double distance
1000 8 bytes8000 bytes
[1000];

DECLARING ARRAYS
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When declaring arrays, specify

Name
Type of array
Number of elements

arrayType arrayName[numberOfElements];

Examples:

int c[10];
float myArray[3284];
Declaring multiple arrays of same type

Format similar to regular variables

Example:

int b[ 100 ], x[ 27 ];

EXAMPLES USING ARRAYS

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Initializers
int n[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };

If not enough initializers, rightmost elements become

0
int n[5] = { 0 }

All elements 0

If too many a syntax error is produced syntax error

C/C++ arrays have no bounds checking

If size omitted, initializers determine it

int n[ ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };

5 initializers, therefore 5 element array

SAMPLE PROGRAM USING ARRAY

using namespace std;

int main()

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#include <iostream>

Note: The program has

5 elements . Positioning
of array distance (counts
starts) is from 0 to 4.

{
double distance[] = {44.14, 720.52, 96.08, 468.78, 6.28};
cout << "2nd member = " << distance[1] << endl;
cout << "5th member = " << distance[4] << endl;
system (pause);
return 0;
}

This would produce:

2nd member = 720.52
5th member = 6.28

using namespace std;

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CREATING AN ARRAY
USING LOOPING
STATEMENT
# include <iostream>
int main ()
{
int arrayVar [9];
for (int Var = 0; Var<=8; Var+=2)
{
arrayVar [Var] = 90;
cout << Var<< " ---- " <<
arrayVar[Var]<<endl;
}
system ("pause");
return 0;
}

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ARRAY USING CHARACTERS

using namespace std;
int main()

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#include <iostream>

{
char Color[] = { 'B', 'l', 'a', 'c', 'k' };
char Country[] = "Philippines";
cout << "Color = " << Color << endl;
cout << "Country = " << Country;
system ("pause");
return 0;
}

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TRY THIS!
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Create a program that will ask the user to input

value of length and width of a rectangle and
display (compute) the area of a rectangle using
array.
Array type = float
Array name = rectangle
Array element = 3

rectangle[0]

= length
rectangle[1] = width
rectangle [2] = area

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ASSIGN (FINALS)

Create a program that ask three input numbers

from the user and will determine the highest
number using array.

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How will you determine the highest? ( thats

part of your assignment) try using if else.

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