Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Electromagnetic
Induction
The current in the coil is called the induced current because it is brought
about by a changing magnetic field.
Since a source emf is always needed to produce a current, the coil behaves
as if it were a source of emf. This emf is known as the induced emf.
F qvB
E vBL
(a)
(b)
Fhand F ILB
x xo
xL xo L
A Ao
BA BA o
BL
B
B
E vBL
t to
t to
t to
t to
magnetic flux
BA
o
E
t to
t
BA cos
BA cos
N
E N
t
t to
SI Unit of Induced Emf: volt (V)
BA cos Bo A cos
E N
N
t
t
0.060 T 0.050 T
B Bo
2
NA cos
20 0.0015 m cos 0
0.10 s
t
3.0 10 3 V
LENZS LAW
The induced emf resulting from a changing magnetic flux has a
polarity that leads to an induced current whose direction is such
that the induced magnetic field opposes the original flux change.
LENZS LAW
The induced emf resulting from a changing magnetic flux has a
polarity that leads to an induced current whose direction is such
that the induced magnetic field opposes the original flux change.
Reasoning Strategy
1. Determine whether the magnetic flux that penetrates the coil
is increasing or decreasing.
2. Find what the direction of the induced magnetic field must be
so that it can oppose the change influx by adding or subtracting
from the original field.
3. Use RHR-2 to determine the direction of the induced current.
E v BL BLv sin
v r
E Eo sin t
Consistent with Lenzs law, the induced emf acts to oppose the
applied emf and is called back emf.
V E
I
R
(a)
V E 120 V 0 V
I
29 A
R
4.1
(b)
V E 120 V 118 .0 V
I
0.49 A
R
4.1
MUTUAL INDUCTANCE
The changing current in the primary coil creates a changing
magnetic flux through the secondary coil, which leads to an
induced emf in the secondary coil.
The effect in called
mutual induction.
E N
Es M
mutual inductance
1V s A 1 H (Henry)
I p
t
SELF INDUCTANCE
I
E L
t
self inductance
1V s A 1 H (Henry)
Energy stored in
an inductor
Energy density
Energy 12 LI 2
1 2
Energy density
B
2o
22.9 Transformers
Es N s
Ep N p
t
Es N s
Ep N p
22.9 Transformers
Transformer
equation
Vs N s
Vp N p
22.9 Transformers
I s Vp N p
I p Vs N s
22.9 Transformers