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FIGURE9.1Removingtheeffectsofidealsources.

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FIGURE9.2Removingtheeffectsofpracticalsources.

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FIGURE9.3Demonstrationofthefactthatsuperpositionisnotapplicabletopowereffects.

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FIGURE9.4Example9.1.

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FIGURE9.5(a)ThecontributionofItoI1;(b)thecontributionofEtoI1.

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FIGURE9.6Example9.2.

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FIGURE9.7TheeffectofE1onthecurrentI3.

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FIGURE9.8TheeffectofE2onthecurrentI3.

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FIGURE9.9TheresultantcurrentforI3.

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FIGURE9.10Example9.3.

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FIGURE9.11ThecontributionofEtoI2.

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FIGURE9.12ThecontributionofItoI2.

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FIGURE9.13TheresultantcurrentforI2.

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FIGURE9.14Plottingthepowerdeliveredtothe6resistorversuscurrentthroughtheresistor.

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FIGURE9.15PlottingIversusVforthe6resistor.

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FIGURE9.16Example9.4.

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FIGURE9.17TheeffectofthecurrentsourceIonthecurrentI2.

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FIGURE9.18TheeffectofthevoltagesourceEonthecurrentI2.

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FIGURE9.19Example9.5.

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FIGURE9.20TheeffectofE1onthecurrentI.

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FIGURE9.21TheeffectofE2onthecurrentI1.

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FIGURE9.22TheeffectofIonthecurrentI1.

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FIGURE9.23TheresultantcurrentI1.

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FIGURE9.24

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FIGURE9.25TheeffectofapplyingThveninstheorem.

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FIGURE9.26SubstitutingtheThveninequivalentcircuitforacomplexnetwork.

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RobertL.Boylestad
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FIGURE9.27Example9.6.

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FIGURE9.28IdentifyingtheterminalsofparticularimportancewhenapplyingThveninstheorem.

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FIGURE9.29DeterminingRThforthenetworkofFig.9.28.

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FIGURE9.30DeterminingEThforthenetworkofFig.9.28.

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FIGURE9.31MeasuringEThforthenetworkofFig.9.28.

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FIGURE9.32SubstitutingtheThveninequivalentcircuitforthenetworkexternaltoRLinFig.9.27.

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FIGURE9.33Example9.7.

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FIGURE9.34EstablishingtheterminalsofparticularinterestforthenetworkofFig.9.33.

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FIGURE9.35DeterminingRThforthenetworkofFig.9.34.

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FIGURE9.36DeterminingEThforthenetworkofFig.9.34.

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FIGURE9.37SubstitutingtheThveninequivalentcircuitinthenetworkexternaltotheresistorR3ofFig.9.33.

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FIGURE9.38Example9.8.

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FIGURE9.39IdentifyingtheterminalsofparticularinterestforthenetworkofFig.9.38.

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FIGURE9.40DeterminingRThforthenetworkofFig.9.39.

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FIGURE9.41DeterminingEThforthenetworkofFig.9.39.

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FIGURE9.42NetworkofFig.9.41redrawn.

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FIGURE9.43SubstitutingtheThveninequivalentcircuitforthenetworkexternaltotheresistorR4ofFig.9.38

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FIGURE9.44Example9.9.

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FIGURE9.45IdentifyingtheterminalsofparticularinterestforthenetworkofFig.9.44

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FIGURE9.46SolvingforRThforthenetworkofFig.9.45.

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FIGURE9.47DeterminingEThforthenetworkofFig.9.45.

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FIGURE9.48SubstitutingtheThveninequivalentcircuitforthenetworkexternaltotheresistorRLofFig.9.44.

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FIGURE9.49Example9.10.

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FIGURE9.50IdentifyingtheterminalsofparticularinterestforthenetworkofFig.9.49

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FIGURE9.51DeterminingRThforthenetworkofFig.9.50.

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FIGURE9.52DeterminingthecontributiontoEThfromthesourceE1forthenetworkofFig.9.50.

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FIGURE9.53DeterminingthecontributiontoEThfromthesourceE2forthenetworkofFig.9.50.

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FIGURE9.54SubstitutingtheThveninequivalentcircuitforthenetworkexternaltotheresistorRLofFig.9.49.

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FIGURE9.55DeterminingEThexperimentally.

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FIGURE9.56DeterminingRThexperimentally.

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FIGURE9.57MeasuringISC.

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FIGURE9.58Nortonequivalentcircuit.

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RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.59ConvertingbetweenThveninandNortonequivalentcircuits.

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FIGURE9.60Example9.11.

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FIGURE9.61IdentifyingtheterminalsofparticularinterestforthenetworkofFig.9.60.

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FIGURE9.62DeterminingRNforthenetworkofFig.9.61.

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FIGURE9.63DeterminingINforthenetworkofFig.9.61.

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FIGURE9.64SubstitutingtheNortonequivalentcircuitforthenetworkexternaltotheresistorRLofFig.9.60

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FIGURE9.65ConvertingtheNortonequivalentcircuitofFig.9.64toaThveninequivalentcircuit.

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FIGURE9.66Example9.12.

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FIGURE9.67IdentifyingtheterminalsofparticularinterestforthenetworkofFig.9.66.

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FIGURE9.68DeterminingRNforthenetworkofFig.9.67.

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FIGURE9.69DeterminingINforthenetworkofFig.9.67.

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FIGURE9.70SubstitutingtheNortonequivalentcircuitforthenetworkexternaltotheresistorRLofFig.9.66.

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FIGURE9.71Example9.13.

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FIGURE9.72IdentifyingtheterminalsofparticularinterestforthenetworkofFig.9.71.

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FIGURE9.73DeterminingRNforthenetworkofFig.9.72.

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FIGURE9.74DeterminingthecontributiontoINfromthevoltagesourceE1.

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FIGURE9.75DeterminingthecontributiontoINfromthecurrentsourceI.

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FIGURE9.76SubstitutingtheNortonequivalentcircuitforthenetworktotheleftofterminalsabinFig.9.71.

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FIGURE9.77DefiningtheconditionsformaximumpowertoaloadusingtheThveninequivalentcircuit.

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FIGURE9.78DefiningtheconditionsformaximumpowertoaloadusingtheNortonequivalentcircuit.

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FIGURE9.79Thveninequivalentnetworktobeusedtovalidatethemaximumpowertransfertheorem.

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RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.80PLversusRLforthenetworkofFig.9.79.

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FIGURE9.81VLandILversusRLforthenetworkofFig.9.79.

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FIGURE9.82EfficiencyofoperationversusincreasingvaluesofRL.

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FIGURE9.83PSandPLversusRLforthenetworkofFig.9.79.

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FIGURE9.84Example9.14.

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FIGURE9.85Example9.15.

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FIGURE9.86Example9.16.

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FIGURE9.87DeterminingRThforthenetworkexternaltotheresistorRofFig.9.86

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FIGURE9.88DeterminingEThforthenetworkexternaltotheresistorRofFig.9.86.

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FIGURE9.89Example9.17.

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FIGURE9.90DeterminingRThforthenetworkexternaltotheresistorRLofFig.9.89.

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FIGURE9.91DeterminingEThforthenetworkexternaltotheresistorRLofFig.9.89.

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FIGURE9.92DemonstratingtheeffectofapplyingMillmanstheorem.

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FIGURE9.93ConvertingallthesourcesofFig.9.92tocurrentsources.

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FIGURE9.94ReducingallthecurrentsourcesofFig.9.93toasinglecurrentcourse.

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FIGURE9.95ConvertingthecurrentsourceofFig.9.94toavoltagesource.

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FIGURE9.96Example9.18.

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FIGURE9.97TheresultofapplyingMillmanstheoremtothenetworkofFig.9.96.

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FIGURE9.98Example9.19.

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FIGURE9.99ConvertingthesourcesofFig.9.98tocurrentsources.

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FIGURE9.100ReducingthecurrentsourcesofFig.9.99toasinglesource.

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FIGURE9.101ConvertingthecurrentsourceofFig.9.100toavoltagesource.

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FIGURE9.102ThedualeffectofMillmanstheorem.

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FIGURE9.103Demonstratingtheeffectofthesubstitutiontheorem.

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FIGURE9.104EquivalentbranchesforthebranchabofFig.9.103.

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FIGURE9.105Demonstratingtheeffectofknowingavoltageatsomepointinacomplexnetwork.

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FIGURE9.106Demonstratingtheeffectofknowingacurrentatsomepointinacomplexnetwork.

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FIGURE9.107Demonstratingtheimpactofthereciprocitytheorem.

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FIGURE9.108FindingthecurrentIduetoasourceE.

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FIGURE9.109InterchangingthelocationofEandIofFig.9.108todemonstratethevalidityofthereciprocitytheorem.

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FIGURE9.110Demonstratingthepoweranduniquenessofthereciprocitytheorem.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.111Componentsofaspeakersystem:(a)amplifier;(b)speaker;(c)commerciallyavailableunit.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.112Speakerconnections:(a)singleunit;(b)inseries;(c)inparallel.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.113Applying4Vand16Vspeakerstoanamplifierwithanoutputimpedanceof8.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.114ApplyingPSpicetodeterminethecurrentI2usingsuperposition.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.115UsingPSpicetodeterminethecontributionofthe36VvoltagesourcetothecurrentthroughR2.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.116UsingPSpicetodeterminethecontributionofthe9AcurrentsourcetothecurrentthroughR2.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.117NetworktowhichPSpiceistobeappliedtodetermineEThandRTh.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.118UsingPSpicetodeterminetheThveninresistanceofanetworkthroughtheapplicationofa1Acurrentsource.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.119UsingPSpicetodeterminetheThveninvoltageforanetworkusingaverylargeresistancevaluetorepresenttheopen
circuitconditionbetweentheterminalsofinterest.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.120UsingPSpicetoplotthepowertoRLforarangeofvaluesforRL.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.121PlotresultingfromthedcsweepofRLforthenetworkofFig.9.120beforedefiningtheparameterstobedisplayed.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.122AplotofthepowerdeliveredtoRLinFig.9.120forarangeofvaluesforRLextendingfrom0to30.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.123Problem1.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.124Problems2and41.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.125Problem3.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.126Problems4and37.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.127Problem5.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.128Problems6,13,and19.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.129Problems7,14,and20.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.130Problems8,15,21,38,39,and42.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.131Problems9and16.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.132Problems10and17.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.133Problem11.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.134Problem12.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.135Problems18and40.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.136Problems22and43.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.137Problem23.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.138Problem24.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.139Problem25.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.140Problem26.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.141Problem27.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.142Problem28.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.143Problem29.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.144Problem30.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.145Problem31.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.146Problem32.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.147Problem33.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.148Problem34.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.149Problem35.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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FIGURE9.150Problem36.

RobertL.Boylestad
IntroductoryCircuitAnalysis,10ed.

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