Eco san

History/culture
Science, greywater, yellow water, blackwater
Design +projects, inside/outside, low tech, high tech,

renter, owner, land size, mix vs no mix

Legal, kill em, kindness, persistance, engineeresque-grid
like, pe stamp
List engineers

Pollution
solution
implementation

objectives

Microbial function - microphobia - innoculation

Rhizostructure
Psycho-social context
Buerocratic culture

Dead zones Eutrophication

Industrial World
Development

Conventional septic design

-prone to failure
-major source of pollution

Time release pollution

Most treatment occurs in

the
rootzone (top 6-8 inches of
soil)

Graywater - wastewater from

sinks, showers and laundry
fixtures etc., not toilets.
Irrigate your garden
topsoil purifies water
Reduces water use and downstream
pollution
Save $

 Gravity fed, no pumps

Minimal filtration
Not as efficient at dispersing water

Greywater Drip System

pre treatment

system prevents
clogging.
Pumping required
Use with perennial
or no dig garden
to minimize
exposure
Very efficient

Vermitrap w/ wetland filter

HUMANURE - soil
structure!

Human fecal Pathogens

Salmonella
Shigella
Yersinia
Campylobacter
Aeromonas
Candida
E. coli O157
Cryptosporidium
Entamoeba histolytica
Ascaris

HUMUS - not just bean dip

maintainshighandhealthylevelsofsoillifebyfeedingmicrobes
organiccompoundsmadeavailabletogrowingplants
keepssoilnutrientsfromleachingawaythroughchelation
canholdtheequivalentof8090%ofitsweightinmoisture
biochemicalstructureofhumusenablesittomoderateorbuffer
excessiveacidoralkalinesoilconditions.
allowsgreateraerationofthesoilthroughcreationofcrumb
structure
darkcolourofhumus(usuallyblackordarkbrown)helpstowarm
upcoldsoils
Toxicsubstancese.g.heavymetals,excessnutrientsboundtothe
complexorganicmolecules,preventedfromenteringecosystem.

90% dried microbes

Wetlands - Natures Liver

Constructed Wetlands

Restorers - floating
wetlands

Living Machine w/
constructed wetland
Very Sexy
Expensive

Zero Discharge Systems

For urban or

constrained sites
(high water table)

Lalati, Beqa Island, Fiji

Composting/Dry Toilets
Compost the feces: add chunky carbon
Dry the feces: add ash or lime
Topdress perrennials or amend soil with
the rich black goodness

Poopooponics

Urine diverting dry

composting
toilets

Separette

Squatter

Kid friendly

Urine:
Liquid Gold
Sterile
90% of the nutrients (n-p-k) in wastewater
Grow all your food!

Disease Risk
Urine-transmitted diseases: leptospirosis,

schistosoma and salmonella (tropical and

wet)
IF THERE, most die when leave host
Ways to inactivate: time, heat, pH (add
ash, etc.) and composting.
Public toilet bmps: non-edibles, tree/bush
crops, add alkalinity, containment and
testing.

Urine Nutrients (Vary

widely)
High nitrogen:
good for leaf
growth

How to use it
Apply directly to soil
Best to dilute 8+:1

with water
And/or apply to wellaerated soil, with lots
of mulch, compost or
woodchips

Compost it
Match with carbon:
brown leaves,
wood chips, paper,
etc.
Locks up nitrogen
for slow release
over time

Combine with Graywater

Ideal match with graywater
Reduces carbon clogging
Flush out the salt

Urine fertigation

Ejectorlet

Urine-diverting dry
and composting
toilets
Gebers, Sweden

Swedish Farming with Urine

Grain crops for animal fodder
6 months containment

PEEPEEPONICS

Waterless urinal
Makes soil directly
in planter (this is
essentially
composting)
Zero discharge
Super efficient
No vector for
pathogen
contamination

Getting Permits for your

System
Precedents
Soils test
Think sub-surface, avoid ponding

Crapitalism