AutoQoS Technical

Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cisco AutoQoS
Technical Presentation
Ramya Venkatraman
Technical Marketing Engineer QoS
Internet Technologies Group
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Agenda

Introduction
Cisco AutoQoS Framework
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS
AutoQoS Deployment Case Study
Summary

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Introduction
IETF DiffServ Architecture (RFC-2475)

The idea: different service levels for packets

The service: some significant characteristics of packet
transmission in one direction across the network
Examples: bandwidth and latency
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

A New Paradigm for Automating the

Delivery of Network Quality of Service
Key Takeaways:
Simpler QoS deployments Reduces operator errors
Cheaper QoS deployments Up to 2/3rds reduction in cost
Faster QoS deployments Up to 2/3rds reduction in
deployment time

Cisco AutoQoS initial focus: QoS for Voice over IP

IP Telephony is here!
IP Telephony requires QoS
QoS deployment can be challenging
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

Cisco AutoQoS makes VoIP deployments simpler, cheaper,

and faster
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cisco QoS Introduction:

A Complete Diffserv Toolkit

Buffer Management & WRED

Queuing & Scheduling (WRR, PQ)
Policing & Marking (Aggregate & Micro Flow Policing)

ROUTER

Classification & Marking (DSCP, IP Precedence, nBAR, etc.)

Congestion Avoidance Mechanisms (WRED, WRED-ECN)
Traffic Conditioners (Policing, Shaping)
Congestion Management Techniques (WFQ,CBWFQ,LLQ)
Link Efficiency Mechanisms (Compression, Fragmentation)
FRAME
RELAY
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

PPP
HDLC

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

ATM

GE

PROVISIONING & MONITORING

CBQoSMIB, QPM 3.0

SWITCH

Classification (CoS,
(CoS, DSCP,
DSCP, ACLs,
ACLs, VLAN,
VLAN, Port-based)
Port-based)
Classification

FE
6

Agenda

Introduction
Cisco AutoQoS Framework
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS
AutoQoS Deployment Case Study
Summary

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cisco AutoQoS - VoIP Framework

DiffServ Functions Automated

Automation and simplification of the existing user interface to

expedite deployment of QoS features for VoIP
Fine-tuning of AutoQoS generated parameters by user, if desired
DiffServ
Function
Classification

Cisco IOS QoS Feature

NBAR
DSCP, Port

Behavior
Classification of VoIP based on packet
attributes or port trust

Marking

Class-Based Marking

Set L3 / L2 attributes to bucketize packets

into a class

Congestion
Management

% based LLQ,

Provide EF treatment to voice & BE

treatment to data

Shaping

Class-based Shaping or FRTS

Shape to CIR to prevent burst & smooth

Traffic to Configured Rate

Link Efficiency
Mechanism

Header Compression

Reduce the VoIP bandwidth requirement

Link Efficiency
Mechanism

Link Fragmentation &

Interleaving

Reduce jitter experienced by voice packets

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

WRR

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cisco AutoQoS Framework

Network Based Application Recognition

What Applications
are running through
my network?

Link Utilization

Citrix
Netshow
Fasttrack

25%
15%
10%

FTP
HTTP

30%
20%

Benefits
Identifies Layer 4 to Layer 7 applications and protocols
Stateful & deep packet inspection

Protocol Discovery analyzes application traffic patterns in real

time and identifies traffic is running on the network

Platform Support
Cisco 1700, 2600, 3600, 7100, 7200, FlexWan Series Routers
Switches: MSFC support on Sup 1a & Sup 2 introduced in
Release 12.1(13)E
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cisco AutoQoS Framework

nBAR RTP Payload Type Classification
Eases classification of
voice and video traffic
VoIP, streaming / real time
video, audio / video
conferencing, Fax Over IP

Distinguishes between
RTP packets based on
payload type and
CODECS
Removes dependencies
on UDP Port Range &
DSCP markings

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

CODEC

Payload Type

G.711 (Audio) 0 (mu-law) 8 (a-law)

G.721 (Audio)

G.722 (Audio)

G.723 (Audio)

G.728 (Audio)

15

G.729 (Audio)

18

H.261 (Video)

31

MPEG-1 (A/V)

14 (Audio), 32
(Video), 33 (A-V)

MPEG-2 (A/V)
Dynamic

96 - 127

10

Cisco AutoQoS Framework

Percentage Based Policies
Problems
Fixed CIR imposes scalability issues
Service policies differ by interface, with a wide range of
interface bandwidths

Solution
Configure policies as a percentage of available
bandwidth

Advantage
Increased Scalability & Manageability
Same Policy Map can be applied on multiple interfaces and on
interfaces with varying bandwidth

Build Once, Apply Many Policies

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

11

Cisco AutoQoS Framework

MLPPP Link Fragmentation & Interleaving
Problem: large packets freeze out voice
Voice Packet
60 bytes
Every 20 ms

Voice Packet
60 bytes
Every >214 ms

Voice Packet
60 bytes
Every >214 ms

~214ms Serialization Delay

Voice

1500 Data Bytes

Voice

Voice

10mbps Ethernet

1500 Data Bytes

56kb WAN

Voice

Voice

1500 Data Bytes

Voice

10mbps Ethernet

Implemented via Multilink PPP (MLP) over FR, ATM, and leased lines
Fragments are interleaved with the real-time packets, reducing the
Serialization delay experienced by Voice packets
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

Benefit: reduce the jitter in voice calls

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

12

Cisco AutoQoS Framework

RTP Header Compression
PROBLEM: Header = 2 X Payload
CODEC

PPP
6 Bytes of Header

ATM
53 Bytes Cells with
a 48 Byte Payload

Frame-Relay
4 Bytes of Header

G.711 at 50 pps

82.4 kbps

106 Kbps

81.6 kbps

G.711 at 33 pps

75.5 kbps

84 Kbps

75 kbps

G.729A at 50 pps

26.4 kbps

42.4 Kbps

25.6 kbps

G.729A at 33 pps

20 kbps

28 Kbps

19.5 kbps

BENEFIT: Reduction in Voice Bandwidth Requirement

CODEC

PPP
6 Bytes of Header

ATM
53 Bytes Cells with
a 48 Byte Payload

Frame-Relay
4 Bytes of Header

G.711 at 50 pps

68 kbps

N/A

67 kbps

G.711 at 33 pps

66 kbps

N/A

65.5 kbps

G.729A at 50 pps

12 kbps

N/A

11.2 kbps

G.729A at 33 pps

10.5 kbps

N/A

10 kbps

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

13

Agenda

Introduction
Cisco AutoQoS Framework
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS
AutoQoS Deployment Case Study
Summary

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

14

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

VoIP Intelligence in the LAN
Building

Building

Building

Access

Layer 2 Switch

Distribution

Layer 3 Switch
Core
Layer 3 Switched
Backbone

Server Farm

Server Farm

Enable Trust boundary (phone, access, uplink/downlink)

Enable Priority Queuing where required
Modify Queue Admission criteria where required
Configure CoS to DSCP and IP Prec to DSCP maps where required

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

15

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

VoIP Intelligence in the WAN

WAN

125 Remote Sites

Build MQC based policies for VoIP

Intelligent Classification (Trust / Untrust)
High Speed & Low Speed QoS Policies

Automatically enable QoS features specific to underlying transport protocol

(FR, ATM, PPP, FR-to-ATM)
Enable Traffic Shaping where required
Enable LFI (FRF.12, MLP) where required
Enable CRTP

Monitoring & SNMP Alerts

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

16

Cisco AutoQoS Benefits

Router Platforms
Cisco 2600, 2600-XM, 3600, 3700, and 7200
Series Routers
User can meet the voice QoS requirements
without extensive knowledge about:
Underlying technologies (i.e.: PPP, FR, ATM)
Service policies
Link efficiency mechanisms

AutoQoS lends itself to tuning of all

generated parameters & configurations
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

17

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Router Platforms
Supported on serial (PPP & HDLC), ATM PVCs,
FR DLCIs and FR/ATM links
Only on point-to-point sub-interfaces for FR and low
speed ATM PVCs
Policies are specific to underlying transport layer
protocol

Automatically identifies H.323, MGCP, H.225

(Unicast), SIP and Skinny Signaling Protocols
Command Line Interface
auto qos voip [trust] Untrusted Mode by default
auto qos voip [fr-atm] Enabled on FR DLCI for FR/ATM
Interworking
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

18

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Router Platforms (Cont)
Classification
Trust: relies on DSCP markings from switches (DSCP EF &
AF31)
Un trust: nBAR RTP Payload Type Classification & Access
Lists

Provisioning
LLQ protects voice bearer and voice signaling traffic
WFQ shares bandwidth fairly in the Best Effort Data class

Policy Generation
Enables high- (>768Kbps) and low- (<=768Kbps) speed QoS

Monitoring

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

SNMP monitoring events are reported if the SNMP server is

enabled
Thresholds activated in RMON alarm table to monitor LLQ
drops
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

19

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Router Platforms (Cont)

Without
AutoQoS

Configuring QoS for VoIP on Low Speed Frame Relay WAN Link
class-map VoIP-Bearer
match protocol rtp audio
class-map VoIP-Control
match access-group 101
!
policy-map QoS-Policy
class VoIP-Bearer
priority percent 30
set ip dscp ef
class VoIP-Control
bandwidth percent 5
set ip dscp af31
class class-default
fair-queue
!
Access-list 101 permit tcp
Access-list 101 permit tcp
Access-list 101 permit udp
Access-list 101 permit udp
Access-list 101 permit tcp
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

Classify the traffic of

interest for QoS Policy

Define QoS Policy

Treatment

Frame
Relay

Define ACLs to classify

VoIP Signaling

any
any
any
any
any

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

any
any
any
any
any

eq 1720
\\H.323
range 11000 11999 \\H.323
eq 2427
\\MGCP
eq 2428
\\MGCP
range 2000 2002
\\ Skinny
20

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Router Platforms (Cont)

Without
AutoQoS

Enabling FRTS, FRF.12 & CRTP

interface Serial4/0
encapsulation frame-relay
Enable Frame Relay
frame-relay traffic-shaping
Traffic Shaping
!
interface Serial4/0.1 point-to-point
bandwidth 256
ip address 10.1.71.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 100
Apply FR class-map to DLCI
class VoIP
Frame-relay ip rtp header-compression
!
Enable RTP Header Compression
map-class frame-relay VoIP
frame-relay cir 256000
Frame Relay Traffic Shaping
frame-relay bc 2560
frame-relay be 0
Apply QoS Policy
frame-relay mincir 256000
service-policy output QoS-Policy
frame-relay fragment 320
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

Frame
Relay

Enable FRF.12

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

21

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Router Platforms (Cont)

With AutoQoS

FRTS enabled by

interface Serial4/0
AutoQoS
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay traffic-shaping
You specify BW, IP Addr
!
& FR DLCI
interface Serial4/0.1 point-to-point
bandwidth 256
ip address 10.1.71.1 255.255.255.0
You enable AutoQoS
frame-relay interface-dlci 100
class AutoQoS-VoIP-FR-Serial4/0-100
CRTP configuration
auto qos voip
generated by AutoQoS
frame-relay ip rtp header-compression
!
map-class frame-relay AutoQoS-VoIP-FR-Serial4/0-100
frame-relay cir 256000
FRTS & FRF.12 settings
frame-relay bc 2560
generated by AutoQoS
frame-relay be 0
frame-relay mincir 256000
service-policy output AutoQoS-Policy-UnTrust
frame-relay fragment 320
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Frame
Relay

22

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Router Platforms (Cont)
class-map match-any AutoQoS-VoIP-RTP-Untrust
match protocol rtp audio
match access-group name AutoQoS-VOIP-RTCP
class-map AutoQoS-VoIP-Control-Untrust
match access-group name AutoQoS-VOIP-Control
class-map match-any AutoQoS-VOIP-Remark
match ip dscp ef
Classification done by
match ip dscp af31
AutoQoS
!
policy-map AutoQoS-Policy-Untrust
class-map AutoQoS-VoIP-RTP-Untrust
priority percent 70
set dscp ef
class AutoQoS-VoIP-Control-Untrust
bandwidth percent 5
Provisioning done by
AutoQoS
set dscp af31
class AutoQoS-VoIP-Remark
set dscp default
class class-default
fair-queue
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

With AutoQoS

Frame
Relay

23

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Router Platforms (Cont)

With AutoQoS

Monitoring Drops in LLQ

Thresholds are activated in RMON alarm
table to monitor drops in Voice Class
Default drop threshold is 1bps

Frame
Relay

rmon event 33333 log trap AutoQoS description AutoQoS

SNMP traps for Voice Drops owner AutoQoS
rmon alarm 33350 cbQoSCMDDropBitRate.2881.2991 30
Absolute rising-threshold 1 33333 falling-threshold 0
Owner AutoQoS
RMON event configured
generated by AutoQoS
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

24

Cisco AutoQoS Benefits

Switch Platforms
Cisco Catalyst 6500, 4500, 3550, and 2950EI
Switches
User can meet the voice QoS requirements
without extensive knowledge about:
Trust boundary
CoS to DSCP mappings
Weighted Round Robin (WRR) & Priority Queue (PQ)
Scheduling parameters

Generated parameters and configurations are

user tunable
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

25

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Switch Platforms
Single command at the interface level configures
interface and global QoS
Support for Cisco IP Phone & Cisco Soft Phone
Support for Cisco Soft Phone currently exists only on the Cat6500

Trust Boundary is disabled when IP Phone is moved / relocated

Buffer Allocation & Egress Queuing dependent on interface type
(GE/FE)

Supported on Static, dynamic-access, voice VLAN

access, and trunk ports
CDP must be enabled for AutoQoS to function properly
Cisco Catalyst 2950 EI supports WRR, Strict Priority
Scheduling, and Strict Priority Queuing
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

26

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Switch Platforms (Cont)
Command Line Interface
Cisco Catalyst 6500 Switch
Global: set qos autoqos
Interface: set port qos autoqos <mod/port> voip
[ciscosoftphone | ciscoipphone]
Trust Boundary: Set port qos autoqos <mod/port> trust
[cos|dscp]
Cisco Catalyst 3550 and 2950EI Switches
auto qos voip trust QoS Labels in ingress packets are trusted
auto qos voip Cisco-phone Extends trust boundary if IP Phone
detected
Cisco Catalyst 4500 Switch
Similar to Cat 3550/2950

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

27

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Switch Platforms (Cont)

Without
AutoQoS

Configuring QoS for VoIP on Trusted & Untrusted Ports in the LAN

set qos enable

set port qos mod/port cos 0
set port qos mod/port cos-ext 0
set port qos mod/port trust-ext untrusted
set port qos mod/port trust-device ciscoipphone
set qos acl ip ACL_IP-PHONES trust-cos any
commit qos acl ACL_IP-PHONES
set qos acl map ACL_IP-PHONES mode/port
set port qos mod/port trust trust-cos
set qos ipprec-dscp-map 0 10 18 26 34 46 48 56
set qos cos-dscp-map 0 10 18 26 34 46 48 56
set qos map 2q2t tx queue 2 2 cos 5,6,7
.............
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

6500
6500

6500
6500

6500
6500

6500
6500

6500
6500

28

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switch

With AutoQoS

User enables AutoQoS

set port macro 4/1 ciscoipphone 10 110

Generated by AutoQoS
Port 4/1 has been fully configured for ciscoipphone.
Data
vlan set to 10, auxiliary vlan set to 110, port based autoqos
configured.
Global autoqos configured on all ports.

6500
6500

6500
6500

6500
6500

6500
6500

6500
6500

set qos autoqos

All ingress and egress QoS scheduling parameters configured
on all ports. CoS to DSCP, DSCP to COS and IP Precedence to
DSCP maps configured. Global QoS configured
set port qos autoqos 4/1 voip ciscoipphone

Generated by AutoQoS

Port 4/1 has been fully configured for voip.

Global autoqos configured on all ports

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

29

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Cisco Catalyst 3550 Series Switch

Without
AutoQoS

Configuring QoS for VoIP on Trusted Ports in the LAN

Map CoS Values in incoming
packets to DSCP values

mls qos map cos-dscp 0 10 18 26 34 46 48 56

mls qos
Ingress Classification set
!
to trust CoS value
interface FastEthernet0/1
received in the packet
Description to IP Phone
Assign packets with CoS 5 to
mls qos trust CoS
Queue 4 (Expedite Queue)
wrr-queue cos-map 4 5
3500
Enable Egress Expedite Queue
priority-queue out
switchport voice vlan 111
switchport access vlan 11
switchport priority extend cos 0

6500
6500

3500

6500
6500

3500

Enable Trust Boundary on the phone

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

30

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Cisco Catalyst 3550 Series Switch
Interface FastEthernet0/1
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos voip cisco-phone
You enable AutoQoS
wrr-queue bandwidth 20 1 80 0
wrr-queue min-reserve 1 5
wrr-queue min-reserve 2 6
wrr-queue min-reserve 3 7
Generated by
wrr-queue min-reserve 4 8
AutoQoS
wrr-queue cos-map 1 0 1 2 4
wrr-queue cos-map 3 3 6 7
wrr-queue cos-map 4 5
3500
priority-queue out
Interface GigabitEthernet0/1
mls qos trust device cisco-phone
mls qos trust cos
auto qos voip cisco-phone
You enable AutoQoS
wrr-queue bandwidth 20 1 80 0
wrr-queue queue-limit 80 1 20 1
Generated by
wrr-queue cos-map 1 0 1 2 4
AutoQoS
wrr-queue cos-map 3 3 6 7
wrr-queue cos-map 4 5
AutoQoS Technical
priority-queue out
Presentation, 1/03
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

With AutoQoS

6500
6500

3500

6500
6500

3500

31

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Cisco Catalyst 2950EI Series Switch

Without
AutoQoS

Configuring QoS for VoIP on Trusted & Untrusted Ports in the LAN
mls qos
mls qos map cos-dscp 0 10 18 26 34 46 48 56
wrr-queue cos-map 1 0 1 2 4
Map CoS Values in incoming
wrr-queue cos-map 3 3 6 7
packets to DSCP values
wrr-queue cos-map 4 5
wrr-queue bandwidth 20 1 80 0 Assign packets with CoS 5 to
!
Queue 4 (Expedite Queue)
Interface GigabitEthernet0/1
Description Uplink to Trusted Source
mls qos trust dscp
!
3500
interface FastEthernet0/1
Description to IP Phone
Ingress Classification set to trust
mls qos trust CoS
CoS value received in the packet
switchport voice vlan 111
switchport access vlan 11
switchport priority extend cos 0

6500
6500

3500

6500
6500

3500

Enable Trust Boundary on the phone

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

32

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS

Cisco Catalyst 2950EI Series Switch

With AutoQoS

Generated by AutoQoS

mls qos map cos-dscp 0 8 16 26 32 46 48 56

wrr-queue bandwidth 20 1 80 0
no wrr-queue cos-map
wrr-queue cos-map 1 0 1 2 4
wrr-queue cos-map 3 3 6 7
wrr-queue cos-map 4 5
You enable AutoQoS
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
auto qos voip trust
mls qos trust cos
!
auto qos voip trust
Interface FastEthernet0/1
auto qos voip cisco-phone
mls qos trust device cisco-phone

6500
6500

3500

3500

6500
6500

3500

auto qos voip cisco-phone

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

33

Agenda

Introduction
Cisco AutoQoS Framework
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS
AutoQoS Deployment Case Study
Summary

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

34

QoS Deployment for VoIP

Goal: Deploy consistent, end-to-end QoS for VoIP

WAN

WAN

Access Layer
Classification & Trust
Boundary
Marking / Remarking
Egress Queue Scheduling
Buffer Management
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

Intelligent Classification
Bandwidth Provisioning
Admission Control
Shaping
Link Fragmentation & Interleaving
Header Compression

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Distribution Layer
Layer 3 Policing
Egress Scheduling
(Multiple Queues with WRR)
Priority Queuing for VOIP
Buffer Management
35

QoS Deployment for VoIP

Without AutoQoS
Consistent end-to-end
QoS across LAN & WAN
Platform Consistency

Identify Traffic of Interest

Trust & Untrust

Consistency

Monitoring
&
Reporting

Monitor the
performance of
Voice traffic

Key
Elements
of QoS
Deployment

Policy
Generation

Configuration

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

Application
Classification

Link Efficiency
Mechanisms
CoS to DSCP to
Queue mapping
WRR & WRED
parameters
Transport specific
features

Classes
Bandwidth requirements
High Speed Vs Low Speed QoS
Buffer Management

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

36

QoS Deployment for VoIP

Manual Approach without AutoQoS

In the WAN
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.

6.

7.
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

Identify applications and protocols of interest

Untrusted edge vs. trusted edge
Remark traffic based on classification
Determine how many classes should be configured,
and what queuing should be enabled
Determine class bandwidth requirements
Configure transport specific features
Traffic Shaping, MLPPP & TX-Ring settings
Enable bandwidth specific QoS features
Header Compression & Fragmentation Settings
(MLP/LFI or FRF.12)
Configure alarm and event settings for monitoring
purposes
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

37

QoS Deployment for VoIP

Manual Approach without AutoQoS

In the LAN
1.

Identify Trust Boundary & Extended Trust

Boundary

2.

Remark traffic based on classification

3.

Determine CoS to DSCP and IP Precedence to

DSCP mappings

4.

Map CoS values to the different egress queues

5.

Queue Size Settings & WRR weights

FE Vs GE ports

6.

Determine CoS to Egress queue mapping

7.

Configure QoS on a per port basis

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

38

QoS Deployment for VoIP

Automation with Cisco AutoQoS (Phase I)
Identify VoIP
Bearer &
Control
Traffic

Traffic
Classification

Evaluate
Network
Environment
& Generate
Initial Policy

Policy
Generation

One
Command

Provisioning

VoIP Packet
Drop Alerts
CBQoSMIB
Support

Monitorin
g

Full LAN & WAN

Interoperability

Consistency

Accomplish all of the above in just 4 steps

1.
2.
3.
4.
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

Configure Interface / Sub-Interface Bandwidth

Configure IP Address
Enable AutoQoS (Trust Vs Un Trust)
Fine Tune Parameters, if required
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

39

QoS Deployment for VoIP - Single Step

Approach Using Cisco AutoQoS
In the LAN
Enable Cisco AutoQoS for VoIP on the switch
1.

2.

3.

Cisco Catalyst 2950 and 3550 Switches: enable Auto QoS on the interface
auto qos voip [trust | cisco-phone]
Cisco Catalyst 6500 Switch: enable Auto QoS on the port
set qos autoqos
set port qos autoqos <mod/port> voip [ciscosoftphone |
ciscoipphone]
set port qos autoqos <mod/port> trust [cos|dscp]
Parameter Tuning

Monitor Cisco AutoQoS on the Switch

1.

2.
3.
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

sh mls qos interface <x> [buffers | queuing]

(above command not supported on 2950)
show mls qos maps cos-dscp
show auto qos interface <x>
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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QoS Deployment for VoIP - Single Step

Approach Using Cisco AutoQoS (Cont)
In the WAN
Enable Cisco AutoQoS for VoIP via Router CLI
1.

Configure IP address on interface or sub interface

2.

Configure bandwidth on interface or sub interface

3.

Enable autoqos voip [ trust | fr-atm ] on PVC, DLCI

or interface

4.

Parameter tuning & Configuration modifications

Monitor Cisco AutoQoS on the Router

1. show policy-map interface <x>
2. show auto qos [interface <interface type>]
3. show rmon [alarms | events]

Monitor Cisco AutoQoS using QPM 3.0

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

41

QoS Deployment for VoIP

Class-Based QoS MIB (CBQoSMIB)
Provides read access to configuration and statistical information
for MQC based QoS Policies
Provides MQC configuration information and application statistics
Provides CBQoS statistics on a per-policy/per-interface or PVC
basis
Monitor pre- and post-policy bit rates on a device
Interface 2
Inbound
Policy

Interface 1
Outbound Policy

SNMP
Interface 3
Inbound
Policy

CBQoSMIB
Provide CBQoS Statistics &
Configuration Information Per policy

ftp://ftp.cisco.com/pub/mibs/v2/CISCO-CLASS-BASED-QOS-MIB.my
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

42

QoS Deployment for VoIP

Monitoring & Reporting with QPM 3.0
CLI

Cisco Works QoS Policy Manager

interface Serial0

bandwidth 256
Ip address 10.1.61.1
255.255.255.0

auto qos voip

interface Multilink1
ip address 10.1.61.1 255.255.255.0
ip tcp header-compression iphc-format
load-interval 30
service-policy output QoS-Policy
ppp multilink
ppp multilink fragment-delay 10
ppp multilink interleave

Device-Based
Single Command
Intelligent
Classification
Reporting via Syslog
& Traps
AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

Central web based tool

QoS config guidance
Templates, customize
Deployment control
File export

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Monitoring
Reports
Troubleshooting
Multi-device, global

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QoS Deployment for VoIP - Monitoring and

Reporting with CBQoSMIB & QPM 3.0
Before QOS

After QOS Policies have been applied

CMPrePolicyPkt
CMPrePolicyByte

CMPostPolicyPkt

CMDropPkt
CMDropByte
CMNoBufDropPkt

Bronze

Bronze

Silver

Silver

Gold

Gold

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Drop=Pre- Post

Bronze
Silver
44

QoS Deployment for VoIP

An example using QPM 3.0

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

45

Agenda

Introduction
Cisco AutoQoS Framework
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS
AutoQoS Deployment Case Study
Summary

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

46

Highlights
Cisco AutoQoS in the WAN
Simplifies QoS configuration for VoIP
Phase I a single command enables Cisco QoS for VoIP

End-to-end simplification, automation, and

intelligence
Classifies VoIP bearer and signaling (H.323, Skinny, H.225
Unicast, SIP & MGCP) traffic
Provisioning based on Cisco Best Practices

Generated parameters and configuration can be user

modified

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

47

Highlights
Cisco AutoQoS in the WAN (Cont)

Intelligent policy generation

Based on available bandwidth & underlying L2 technology
Enables IP RTP Header Compression and Frame Relay
Traffic Shaping, if required
Decides on fragmentation settings (FRF.12, MLP/LFI), if
required

Supported on FR, ATM, HDLC, PPP & FR-to-ATM links

Provides RMON alerts, if VoIP packet are dropped

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

48

Highlights
Cisco AutoQoS in the LAN
Simplifies QoS configuration for VoIP
Phase I a single command enables Cisco QoS
for VoIP
Support for Cisco IP Phone & Cisco SoftPhone

Optimal Voice Performance

Parameters based on Cisco Best Practices,
extensive lab testing, and input from a broad base
of AVVID installations

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

49

Highlights
Cisco AutoQoS in the LAN (Cont)
Intelligent Policy generation
Automatically decides on trust and extended trust boundary
settings
User can bypass telephone and connect their PC directly to the
switch
Disables trust when IP phone is relocated

Configures CoS to DSCP to Queue mapping

Decides on WRR settings

Supported on Static, Dynamic-access, voice VLAN, and

trunk ports

AutoQoS Technical
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2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The Cisco Advantage

Most Comprehensive QoS Functionality Available

First to ship Advanced Differentiated Services Toolkit in 2000
Comprehensive QoS language framework via MQC
First to ship Intelligent Application Level classification
(Cisco Network Based Application Recognition - NBAR)
Complete QoS monitoring & reporting support with
Cisco Works QPM 3.0
Broadest platform support (switch & router space) for QoS
Full interoperability across the LAN & WAN DiffServ nodes
Only vendor to ship a Complete End-to-End Differentiated
Services solution

First to ship QoS Automation & Simplification

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Availability
Platforms

Switches

Routers

AutoQoS Technical
Presentation, 1/03

Software

Cisco Catalyst 2950EI

Cisco Catalyst 3550

Cisco IOS Software Release

12.1(12c)EA1

Cisco Catalyst 4500

Cisco IOS Software Release

12.1(19)E

Cisco Catalyst 6500

Cisco Catalyst Operating

System 7.5.1

Cisco 2600 Series

Cisco 2600XM Series
Cisco 3600 Series
Cisco 3700 Series
Cisco 7200 Series

Cisco IOS Software Release

12.2(15)T

2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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References

QoS Home Page

http://www.cisco.com/go/qos

CiscoWorks QPM 3.0

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/cscowork/ps2064

AutoQoS Technical Documentation for Cat 3550 & 2950

http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/c3550/12112ce
a/3550scg/swqos.htm
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/cat2950/12112ce
a/2950scg/swqos.htm

AutoQoS Technical Documentation for Cat 6500

http://lbj.cisco.com/push_targets1/ucdit/cc/td/doc/product/lan/cat6000
/sw_7_5/confg_gd/autoqos.htm#10002

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