KUPPAM ENGINEERING COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING

HIGH STEP-UP CONVERTER WITH THREEWINDING COUPLED INDUCTOR

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Mr P.KIRAN KUMAR M.Tech
Assistant professor

PRESENTED BY:
S.FIRDOSE BEGUM 11F41A0239
B.V.PAVAN KUMAR :11F41A0204
R.BHABITHA
:11F41A0236
P.JAYALAKSHMI
:11F41A0233

INTRODUCTION
To increase conversion efficiency many
technologies have been investigated such
as
a) ZERO VOLTAGE SWITCHING(ZVS),
b) ZERO CURRENT SWITCHING(ZCS),
c) COUPLED INDUCTOR,
d) ACTIVE CLAMP,
e) SWITCHED CAPACITOR,
f) VOLTAGE LIFT TECHNIQUES
which suffers from high current and
conduction losses.

CONTINUATION OF
INTRODUCTION

Recently coupled inductor technique with

performance of
i. Leakage energy recycle,
ii. Adjustable voltage gain,
iii.High efficiency continuous conduction mode,
iv. Low voltage stress is developed.
It Avoids high peak current ripple, large input
current ripple
It employs a switched capacitor to supply an
extra step up performance and voltage doubler
circuit to lift the output voltage by increasing
the turns ratio of coupled inductor.

FEATURES OF COUPLED INDUCTOR

TECHNOLOGY
Coupled inductor technology as performance of
1.Leakage energy recycle,
2.Adjustable voltage gain.
Many high step-up converters with the characteristics of
a)High voltage gain,
b)High efficiency,
c)Low voltage stress.
Three-winding coupled inductor have also been proposed,
which possess more flexible adjustment of
i. voltage conversion ratio,
ii. Voltage stress.
It helps to operate in continuous conduction mode because
the discontinuous conduction mode operation results in large
input current ripple and high peak current, which makes burst
of components

CONVENTIONAL METHOD

A conventional current-fed half-bridge

converter has the input-current doubler
function
Since the input current divides into two
inductor currents, reducing the primary current
of the transformer, the related conduction loss
is reduced.
It has several problems such as
a. Voltage spikes of switches resulting from the
leakage inductance of the transformer,
b. High-voltage stress of the rectifying diodes,
c. Low power conversion efficiency.

PROPOSED METHOD
The proposed system consists of
a)Input-current doubler,
b)Output-voltage doubler, and
c)Active-clamp circuit.
The input-current doubler and the outputvoltage doubler provide
a higher voltage conversion ratio without using a high turns ratio
in the transformer and increase the overall efficiency.
A series-resonant circuit of the output-voltage doubler removes
the reverse-recovery problem of the rectifying diodes.
The proposed dcdc converter has low conduction loss in the
primary side, since the input-current doubler divides the input
current into two inductor currents, reducing the primary current
of the transformer, and the primary switches with the activeclamp circuit have low ON-resistance by reducing voltage stress.

DESIGN
CONSIDERATIONS

The required step-up conversion ratio is up to 6.7. Therefore, in order to

make the duty cycle lower than 0.5 to decrease the conduction losses, the
key design step is to determine the turns ratio of the coupled inductor.
Thus, the turns ratio of the coupled inductor is set as 1:1:1.5.
The magnetizing inductor can be designed based on the current ripple
percentage of magnetizing inductor under full-load operation, and the
related equations are given as
ILm ={(1 + n3)/( 1 Dmax)} Io,max
Lm = (Vin,min Dmax) /(f 2iLm)
The capacitors can be designed based on the voltage ripple percentage of
capacitor under full-load operation, and the related equations are given as
C1 = C3 = (Io,max Dmax) /(f vC)
Cb = C2 = (Io,max)/(f vC)

BLOCK DIAGRAM
TRANSFORME
R 15V AC

RECTIFI
ER
FEEDBACK

RECHARG
ABLE
BATTERY
12V
7.5AH

LCD
DISPLAY
CURRENT
T/F COIL

230V AC

FLY BACK
DC TO DC
BOOST
CONVERTE
R

PWM
DRIVER

AURDINO
CONTROLL
ER

3 WINDING
COUPLED
INDUCTOR

MOSFET
SWITCH
IRF

COMPONENTS
LCD Display
Transformer 15-0-15, 1A
Three winding coupled inductor1:1:1.5
Capacitors220UF
Diodes3A,free wheeling diodes
Crystal oscillator
7805 Regulator
Heat sink
Rectifier
Ressssschargable battery---12V,7.5AH
Arduino controller
Boost circuit
MPPT(maximum power point tracker )board
PWM driver IC DSPAC 30F2010
Current tranformer coil --3A
Board protection relay12V
Load protection relay12V
MOSFET P55NF60

DESCRIPTION
1. Power supply is given.
2. Rectifier converts 15V AC to 15V DC
3. Boost circuit boosts voltage up to 30V
DC
4. MPPT board by using PWM converts 30V
DC to 300V AC by using switching
frequency of31khz
5. Three winding coupled inductor reduces
ripples and gives pure sinusoidal 230V
AC output

FEED BACK PATHS

ARDUINO controlles the circuitry and
obtains feedback
Total feedback is obtained from three
devices
a) ARDUINO
b) THREE WINDING COUPLED INDUCTOR
c) PWM DRIVER
Error signal is displayed in LCD display
device

ADVANTAGES
Through adjusting the turns ratio of coupled inductor,
the proposed converter achieves high step-up gain that
renewable energy systems require;
Leakage energy is recycled to the output terminal,
which improves the efficiency and alleviates large
voltage spikes across the main switch;
Due to the passive lossless clamped performance, the
voltage stress across main switch is substantially lower
than the output voltage;
Low cost and high efficiency are achieved by adopting
low-voltage-rated power switch with low RDS-ON;
By using three-winding coupled inductor, the proposed
converter possesses more flexible adjustment of
voltage conversion ratio and voltage stress on each
diode

DISADVANTAGES AND THEIR

ANALYSIS

All the leakage inductors of coupled inductor are

neglected and all of components are ideal without
any parasitic components as energy recycling
process occurs.
The voltages are considered to be constant due to
infinitely large capacitances.
Some conduction losses are caused by resistances of
semiconductor components and coupled inductor
,which is calculated by small ripple approximation.
Large input current ripple and peak current is
avoided as all currents passing through components
were approximated by dc components. Thus,
magnetizing current and capacitor voltages are
assumed to be constant.

ANALYSIS:
(A)STEP UP GAIN:
During the turn-on period of switch S, the following
equations can be written as:
VC3 = VN 3 = n3 Vin .............................(1)
VCb = Vin + VN 2 = (n2 + 1) Vin...........(2)

During the turn-off period of switch S, the following

equations can be expressed as:
VC2 = n3 [VC1 (2 + n2 ). Vin ]...................... (3)
VC1 ={[D/(1 D)]+2+n2 }.Vin .... (4)

Thus, the output voltage VO can be expressed as

VO = VC1 + VC2 + VC3 . (5)

By substituting (1), (3), and (4) into (5), the voltage gain
of the proposed converter is given by
MCCM = Vo/Vin= n2 +(2 D + n3/1 D)

B)VOLTAGE STRESS
The voltage stress on the main switch is given as :
MS = VS1/Vout = 1/(2 D + (1 D) n2 + n3.)........(7)
When the switching S is turned OFF, the diodes D1 and D3 are reverse
biased.
Therefore, the voltage stresses of D1 and D3 are as follows:
MD1 = VD1/Vout =(1 + n2)/( 2 D + (1 D) n2 + n3).......(8)
MD4 = VD3/Vout = n3/(2 D + (1 D) n2 + n3)..............(9)
When the switch S is in turn-on period and the diodes D2 and D3 are
reverse biased.
Therefore, the voltage stresses of D2 and D3 are as follows:
MD2 = VD2/Vout=1/(2 D + (1 D) n2 + n3.............(10)
MD3 = VD4/Vout= n3/(2 D + (1 D) n2 + n3..........(11)
Equations (7)(11) can be illustrated to determine the maximum voltage
stress on each power drives.

(C) CONDUCTION LOSSES:

Some conduction losses are caused by resistances of
semiconductor components and coupled inductor ,which is
calculated by small ripple approximation.
Voltage conversion ratio with conduction losses is given as:
V0/Vin=[n2 + (2D+n3/1D) K]/[1 +( /RL (1D)2) + (rL 3/ RL D(1D))
+( /RL (1D) )+ (/RLD) ..(12)
where
K = (VD 1 +VD 2 +VD 3 +VD 4)/Vin
= (1+n2 )D rL1 + (1 + n3 )D rDS
= (1+2n2 + n3 ) rL1 + rL3 + rD2 + rD3+(2+n2 + 2n3 ) rDS
= rL2 + rD1 + rD4 + (1 + n2 + n3 ) rDS
Efficiency is expressed as follows:
={Vin n2 + (2D+n3/1D). (VD1 + VD2 + VD3 + VD4) /{Vin +( /(RL
(1D)2)) + (rL3/(RL D(1D) ))+ (/(RL (1D)) + /RL D}
...(13

APPLICATIONS
Laptop,computers,
Battery chargers,
Cell phones,
Small power tools,
Lamps,
Low power kitchen appliances,
Fluorescent lamps,
Small motors,
Power televisions and other consumer
components

CONCLUSION
By using technologies of three winding
coupled inductor, switched capacitor, and
voltage doubler circuit, the high step-up
conversion can be efficiently obtained.
The leakage energy is recycled and large
voltage spike is alleviated; thus, the voltage
stress is limited and the efficiency is improved.
The low-voltage-rated switch with low RDS-ON
can
selected for the reduction of conduction
losses