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etic
Spectrum
How are
electromagnetic
waves used in
communication?
Production of
Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic waves - produced by a
disturbance caused by vibrating
charge.
When the charge is moved, the electric
field around it is changed.
Recall the Oersteds discovery:
Properties of EM Waves
Exhibit reflection,
refraction, diffraction and
interference
Travel at the speed of
light
Obey the wave relation
(v = f )
Source: Vibrating
electrons
MICROWAVES
- are radio waves of very
short wavelength.
They are used in
satellite communications
because they can
penetrate the ionosphere
MICROWAVES
- Radar (radio detecting
and ranging) the
transmission of waves at
microwave frequencies
and then detecting its
echo after reflection from
a distant object.
MICROWAVES
- mobile phone networks
and for cooking
penetrate food being heated
and agitate the water
molecules within molecular
friction which produces heat
Source: Vibrating electrons
INFRARED WAVES
-Lie in the region beyond
the red end of the visible
spectrum
- the wavelength is too
long to be visible to the
naked eye
Source: Hot objects
Uses:
-To take pictures from
satellites with special films
assess the vegetation of
the planet
- infrared scanners to show
temp. variation of the body
for medical diagnosis
VISIBLE WAVES
-Light waves
(red light longest
wavelength / violet
light has the shortest
wavelength)
Uses/Applications: vision
Source: Very hot objects
ULTRAVIOLET WAVES
-invisible radiation that
lie beyond the violet end
of the visible spectrum
- UV light has a shorter
wavelength that violet
light
USES:
-Production of vitamin D
-Sterilizing water
-UV lamps used by banks
-Paints that contain
fluorescent chemicals
that glow in sunlight
-Medical treatment
GAMMA RAYS
-high energy waves
produced from nuclear
reactions
-they have shorter
wavelenghts and more
dangerous than x rays
- used in sterilizing
medical instruments and
has some applications in
astronomy
-concentrated beams can
be used to kill cancer
cells
2. Compare and
contrast the
different forms of
electromagnetic
waves in terms of
their properties and
uses.
3. What form of
electromagnetic
wave is widely used
for wireless
communication?
Wireless Communication
Development of Communication
Radio Communication
Simple radio transmitters work on two
basic processes: (1) transformation of
sound energy to electrical energy; (2)
transformation of electrical energy to
electromagnetic energy; and on three
simple components: (1) microphone
circuit; (2) oscillator circuit and
(3) antenna.
Radio
Wave
Signal
Modulated
wave