Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
MERCHANTS CIRCLE
PR E PAR ED B Y:
SU MIT SH R I VASTAVA
SH U BH A M JAWAR A
R A JPAL SI N G H YAD AV
ME- B ( BATC H 2 0 13 )
OUTLINE
Brief introduction to Merchants Circle.
Assumptions for Merchants Circle Diagram.
Construction of Merchants Circle.
Solutions of Merchants Circle.
Advantages of Merchants Circle.
Need for the analysis of cutting forces.
Limitations of Merchants Circle.
Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
Merchants Circle Diagram is
constructed to ease the analysis of
cutting forces acting during
orthogonal (Two Dimensional)
cutting of work piece.
Ernst and Merchant do this
scientific analysis for the first time
in 1941 and gives the following
relation in 1944
It is convenient to determine
various force and angles.
METAL CUTTING
Metal Cutting is the process of removing unwanted material from the workpiece
in the form of chips
ORTHOGONAL CUTTING
OBLIQUE CUTTING
TERMINOLOGY
: Rack angle
: Frictional angle
: Shear angle
F: Frictional Force
Ft : Thrust Force
V: Feed velocity
Fn
Fs
Fc N
Ft
V
R
Front View
P
N
F
Normal
Normal
Frictional
Friction
Friction
Shear
Force
Angle
Force
Force
RAKE
Shear
ANGLE
Angle
Cutting
Thrust
Force
Force
Back
Force
It
Resisting
Itisactis
on
at
the
the
force
the
chip
angle
tool
acted
provided
chip
between
at
interface
the
by
tool
the
the
angle
made
by
the
shear
Rake
Angle:
It
is
the
angle
Force
acted
along
the
velocity
of
Resistance
This
force
to
acts
shear
normal
of
the
metal
to
in
resultant
workpiece.
workpiece
normal
to
,of
the
Acts
interface
the
cutting
normal
Frictional
face
to
toof
resist
of
the
Force
the
shear
tool
the
&
plane
with
the
direction
the
between
the
face
of
thevelocity
tool
and
tool
forming
cutting
force
the
chip.
or
the
It
acts
along
of
Normal
plane.
motion
and
is plane.
provided
of tool.
by the
and
tool. Normal
travel.
measured
inForce,
a plane
perpendicular
shear
tool.
Reaction.
to the
side cutting
edge
Cutting
force increases
as speed
Side Rake
Angle:
It is the as
angle
increases
and
decreases
rake
-1
between
angle
= decreases
tanthe face of the tool and
measured
in a plane
perpendicular
: coefficient
of friction
to the base
ASSUMPTIONS FOR
MERCHANTS CIRCLE DIAGRAM
Tool edge is sharp.
The work material undergoes deformation across a
thin shear plane.
There is uniform distribution of normal and shear
stress on shear plane.
The work material is rigid and perfectly plastic.
The shear angle adjusts itself to minimum work.
The friction angle remains constant and is
independent of .
The chip width remains constant.
The chip does not flow to side, or there is no side
spread.
FS
FN
FC
FT
R
F
N
FS
FN
On Shear plane,
FT
Now,
FC
R
N
Where,
Fs
Fn
Fc
The average stresses on the
shear plane area are:
Ft
R
F
N
and
Fc
Ft
Fn
R
N
CONCLUSIONS/RESULTS
Following conclusions/results are drawn from MCD : Shear angle is given by
THANK YOU