Margin (Finish line) placement

Finish

line of the preparation is the end of tooth preparation.

Finish Line

Studies

have supported the use of supra-gingival or equigingival finish lines rather than sub-gingival finish line
whenever possible to ensure periodontal health

Supra-gingival finish line

Sub-gingival finish line

Hanaa I. Sallam

Advantages of supra-gingival
:margins

Easily prepared
No soft tissue trauma
Easy impression
Easy finishing, easy
cleaning
Easy evaluation of the
preparation margins
at the time of
placement and at the
call appointments

4
Rasha Nabil
Sami

Apr 20, 2015

1-Cervical caries , erosion,

abrasion or restoration.

Apr 20, 2015

Hanaa I. Sallam

Proximal contacts extending to the

gingival crest.

Apr 20, 2015

Hanaa I. Sallam

To increase the occluso-gingival dimension for

better retention and resistance .

Apr 20, 2015

Hanaa I. Sallam

 For esthetics in anterior region

Apr 20, 2015

Hanaa I. Sallam

Root sensitivity which cannot be controlled by

more conservative procedures (such as
application of dentin bonding agents).

Apr 20, 2015

Hanaa I. Sallam

When a subgingival finish line is required, it has been

suggested that extension to the epithelial attachment be
avoided.

The distance from the epithelial attachment to the crest of

the alveolar bone has been described as the Biologic
Width. It is normally about 2mm wide, including the
epithelial attachment and the connective tissue attachment.

If the margin of a restoration intrudes into this biologic

width inflammation will result and osteoclastic activity is
stimulated.

Apr 20, 2015

Hanaa I. Sallam

3- Margin Adaptation
The

presence of marginal discrepancies

in the restoration exposes the luting
agent to the oral environment
The longevity of tooth could be
compromised not only by caries but also
by periodontal disease.

 Clinically

acceptable marginal gap values of

cast restorations have been reported in the
literature to be up to 50-70m
A well-designed preparation has a smooth
and even margin.
Rough, irregular, or "stepped" junctions
greatly increase the length of the margin and
substantially reduce the adaptation of the
restoration

Apr 20, 2015

Hanaa I. Sallam

: Poor preparation design leading

to increased margin length.
C: rough, irregular margin will
make the fabrication of an
accurately fitted restoration almost
impossible.

4- Margin Geometry:

.The configuration of the

preparation finish line dictates

the shape and bulk of
restorative material in the margin
of the restoration. It also affects
both: marginal adaptation and
degree of seating of the
restoration.

Guidelines for establishing a

good finish line
1. It should be easily prepared

2- It should be easily identified in

both impression and die
3-It should not be overextended
cervically

4- It should provide a definite

edge to which the wax pattern
could be easily adapted and
finished

5- Should allow sufficient bulk of

material to :

Enable wax pattern handling

without distortion
Provide sufficient strength at the
restoration margins
Provide enough bulk for porcelain
(in PFM) to enhance good esthetic.

6- Allow conservation of tooth

structure as possible.
7- Ideally whenever possible the
margins should be placed in
areas where the dentist can
finish and inspect them and
the patient can clean them.

Types of Gingival finish lines

It is mainly indicated for

cast metal crowns .
Advantages:
1. Less destruction of tooth
structure than is
necessary for a shoulder
or a chamfer
2. Dose not leave a fragile
lip of unsupported enamel

tooth

1-Feather- edge Finish line

1.

2.

3.

It is difficult to follow on both

tooth and die (location of the
margin is difficult to control )
Thin margins are difficult to
wax and cast , thus being
thickened by technicians lead
to over-contoured restoration .
The margin is weak

tooth

Disadvantages:

It is mainly indicated for cast

metal crowns .
It is a variation of the feather
edge finish line and its is
formed when there is a
large angle between the
axial surfaces and the
unprepared tooth structure.

tooth

2- Chisel edge margin

Unfortunately, this margin is

frequently associated with an
excessively tapered preparation
or one in which the axial reduction is
not correctly aligned with the long
axis of the tooth(tilted teeth)

This type is frequently

indicated for cast metal
restorations, specially if a
ledge or shoulder already
exists due to caries, cervical
erosion or a previous
restoration.
Its shape forms an obtuse
angle with the unprepared
axial tooth surface

tooth

3-Bevel Finish Line

Objectives of beveling :
1-Allows cast metal margin to be burnished
against prepared tooth structure.
2-Protect the unprepared tooth structure
from chipping by removing the
unsupported enamel.
N.B. If no accessibility for burnishing,
there is minimal advantage of this type of
finish line

4-Chamfer Finish Line

The instruments which made this FL.

Is tapered stone with round
tip .
The chamfer should never be prepared
wider than half the tip of the
diamond; otherwise, an unsupported
lip of enamel could result.

tooth

` It is mainly indicated for cast metal

crowns .

5- Shoulder Finish Line

This type of finish line is usually
recommended for the allceramic crowns and the facial
part of metal-ceramic crowns
particularly when the porcelain
margin technique is used.
It is not used as a finish
line for cast metal restorations.

tooth

Provides space for proper

porcelain bulk thus enhancing
resistance to occlusal forces
and minimizes stresses which
might lead to porcelain
fracture.

Facilitates constructing healthy

restorations of good contours
and maximum esthetics

tooth

Advantages :

The preparation requires

destruction of more tooth
structure than any other finish
line.
Some claimed that its sharp
90degree internal line angle
would concentrate stress in the
tooth and increases its liability
to coronal fracture.

tooth

Disadvantages:

6-Rounded ( modified) Shoulder

Finish Line
It is a modified form
of shoulder finish line
characterized by a
rounded internal angle
(gingivo-axial).
It is indicated for
All- ceramic crown preparation

tooth

Advantages:

Less stress
concentration
Some claimed that its
preparation is less
destructive

It is a modification of the classic

shoulder finish line being
characterized by a 120 as an
alternative to the 90.

Its advantage reduce the

possibility of leaving
unsupported enamel and still
leaving sufficient metal thickness
to allow for its thinning to a
knife edge for good adaptation

tooth

7-Sloped Shoulder Finish Line

This type is recommended for the

facial surface of a metal-ceramic
restoration in those situations
where gingival esthetics are not
critical and a shoulder is already
present either because of
destruction by caries or the
presence of previous restorations

The beveling removes unsupported

enamel and may allow finishing of
the metal.

tooth

8-Shoulder with Bevel Finish

Line

4- Margin geometry

Apr 20, 2015

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Rasha Nabil Sami