Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Submitted To
Submitted By
INTRODUCTION
Air and fuel are supplied to an I.C.Engine where
exothermic reactions take place inside the combustion
chamber and the heat energy is converted into useful
work.
To produce energy inside the engine , air fuel mixture
is to be burnt in correct amount. For mixing the air and
fuel in correct range different devices are used.
The preparation of a homogeneous mixture of air-fuel
vapour mixture requires atomisation of liquid fuel
droplets and mixing the finely divided fuel particles
with air. The atomisation is accomplished by spraying
the liquid fuel through a nozzle into a stream of air
which is moving with large velocity.
CARBURETOR
Petrol vehicles use device called carburetor for
supplying the air fuel mixture in correct ratio to
cylinders in all rpm ranges. due to construction of
the carburetor is relatively simple, it has been
used almost exclusively on gasoline engines in
the past.
These days in place of the carburetor, the MPFI
(multi point fuel injection) system is used,
assuring proper air fuel ratio to the engine by
electrically injecting fuel in accordance with
various driving conditions.
FUEL ATOMISATION
During fuelling of a cylinder the fuel is pressurised
which causes the fuel to become a vapour,
allowing it to burn easily (compared to the fuel
being delivered to the cylinder in liquid form)
FUEL INJECTION
The primary difference between carburetors and
fuel injection is that fuel injectionatomizesthe fuel
by forcibly pumping it through a small nozzle under
high pressure, while a carburetor relies
onsuctioncreated by intake air accelerated through
aVenturi tubeto draw the fuel into the airstream.
Modern fuel injection systems are designed
specifically for the type of fuel being used. Some
systems are designed for multiple grades of fuel
(using sensors to adapt the tuning for the fuel
currently used). Most fuel injection systems are for
gasoline ordieselapplications.
OBJECTIVES OF FUEL
INJECTION SYSTEM
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Port
injection
Throttle
Body
injection
D-MPFI
System
L-MPFI
System
INTRODUCTION
Throttle body
Idle air control valve
Fuel pump
Pressure regulator system
Injector
INJECTORS
The opening of the injector is controlled by the vehicles ECU
The injector is supplied with the battery voltage via a relay,
the earth circuit is controlled by the ECU
When the circuit is completed by the ECU a solenoid
operates, the injector valve opens, fuel is then able to be
sprayed into the inlet manifold
The valve moves roughly 1.5-10 milliseconds. This is known
an injector duration or opening time
The ECU will make amendments to the duration depending
on engine temperature, loading air temperature and battery
voltage
TYPES OF INJECTORS
Pintle Type Injector -Offers good
atomization of fuel.
Prone to deposit build up on the Pintle
valve (deposits can reduce the amount of
fuel flow, and therefore the vehicle will
run leaner than recommended.
2. Hole type injector - Fuel is delivered
through holes drilled in a director plate at
the injector tip.
Offers good fuel atomization and gives
better resistance to deposit build-up.
1.
WORKING
Injection nozzle atomizes fuel into very small
droplets.
Achieved by providing loaded valve needle forcing
out fuel through small orifice.
Nozzle valve seats on conical seating due to
spring pressure on spindle.
Spring pressure is suitably adjusted by adjusting
screw to give correct opening pressure to fuel.
FUNDAMENTALS OF FUEL
INJECTION
ADVANTAGES OF MPFI
1.
2.
3.
Better performance.
4.
5.
6.
More uniform A/F mixture will be supplied to each cylinder; hence the
difference in power developed in each cylinder is minimum. Vibration
from the engine equipped with this system is less, due to this the life of
engine components is improved.
THANKYOU