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SYSTEM Models
Applications, services
Middleware
Operating system
Platform
Computer and network hardware
PLATFORM
MIDDLEWARE
Figure 2.1
Generations of distributed systems
Figure 2.2
Communicating entities and communication paradigms
Figure 2.3
Clients invoke individual servers
Client
invocation
result
Client
invocation
Server
result
Server
Key:
Process:
Computer:
Figure 2.4a
Peer-to-peer architecture
Figure 2.4b
A service provided by multiple servers
Service
Server
Client
Server
Client
Server
Figure 2.5
Web proxy server
Web
server
Client
Proxy
server
Web
server
Client
InstructorsGuideforCoulouris,Dollimore,KindbergandBlair,DistributedSystems:ConceptsandDesignEdn.5
PearsonEducation2012
Figure 2.6
Web applets
Client
Applet code
Web
server
Client
Applet
Web
server
Figure 2.8
Two-tier and three-tier architectures
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MOBILE DEVICES
Performance issues
Responsiveness
Interactive application user always expect fast and
consistent response
Throughput
It is the rate of completing the computational task
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Dependebility issues
Fault Tolerance
Ability to continue its function even in presence of faults
that may arise in software, hardware and networks
Reliability can be obtained by means of redundancy
Security
Securing confidentials data from attacks
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SYSTEM MODELS
INTERACTION
COMMUNICATION AND COORDINATION BETWEEN PROCESS
FAILURE
VULNERABLE TO FAILURE WITH THE OCCURANCE OF FAULT
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INTERACTION MODEL
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Variation in time
The processes running on distinct computers can relate
the timestamps with their events.
Clock drift rate is the relative rate at which a computer
clock drifts from an accurate clock that is to be referred.
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Failure Model
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