Nanotechnology and medicine

Dina Khater 3 April 2011 - SFC

Nanotechnology
Nano is 1109 m.
Nanotechnology deals with structures
with a size range of 1 to 100 nm.
It`s based upon molecular selfassembly

Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology
AT the nano level materials begin to
demonstrate entirely new chemical
and physical properties.
Materials can be stronger, lighter and
highly soluble , reducing of melting
point

Nanotechnology
BY manipulating the arrangement of
atoms nanotechnology may be able
to create many new materials and
devices .

Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology has several
application on many fields such as :
o
o
o
o

Medicine
Electronics
Energy production
water processing

Nanomedicine
It is the medical application of
.nanotechnology
It`s defined as the repair,
construction and control of human
biological systems using devices
built upon nanotechnology
. standards

Nanomedicine
Nanostructured
materials, engineered
enzymes and many
other products of
biotechnology will be
very useful in the
. future
High-sophisticated,
medically
programmable
nanomachines and
nanorobots are
. developed

Nanomedicine
That will allow
doctors to approach
the human body at
the cellular and
molecular levels.
Interventions such
as repairing
damaged tissues
(bone, muscle,
nerve) will be
possible.

Nanomedicine
Nanomedicine is a huge industry.
Sales reached 6.8 billion dollars in
2004. USA and European Union are
investing billions of dollars and plan
to invest more in the future.

Nanomedicine
Nanotechnology can be used in many
fields of medicine
Pharmacy
visualization
cancer
Diagnoses
surgery

Nanopharmacy
It can help in increasing the
bioavailability of the drug and
biodistributions .
So it will reduce side effects .
It can icrease the solubility of the
drug.

Nanopharmacy
It can help giving suspensions as IV
injection.

Nanopharmacy
Nanostructures have large surface
area which means more room for
functional groups which can bind with
tumor cells.

Nanopharmacy
the biodistribution of these
nanoparticles is mostly unknown due
to the difficulty in targeting specific
organs in the body.
In mice, gold selectively targeted
certain organs based on their size and
charge.

Nanopharmacy
Positively-charged gold nanoparticles were
found to enter the kidneys .
negatively-charged gold nanoparticles
remained in the liver and spleen.
The nanoshells can be targeted to bond to
cancerous cells by conjugating antibodies
or peptides to the nanoshell surface.

Nanomedicine and cancer

By irradiating the area of the tumor
with an infrared laser, which passes
through flesh without heating it, the
gold is heated sufficiently to cause
death to the cancer cells.

photodynamic therapy
If the particle is metal, energy from
the Light may also be used to
produce high energy ,oxygen
molecules which will chemically react
with and destroy most organic
molecules that are next to them (like
tumors).

photodynamic therapy
Unlike chemotherapy it does not leave
a toxic trail

Surgery
This could solve the difficulties and
blood leaks caused when the surgeon
tries to re-stitch the arteries that
have been cut during a kidney or
heart transplant. The flesh welder
could weld the artery perfectly

Surgery
Nanoparticles of cadmium selenide
(quantum dots) glow when exposed
to ultraviolet light. When injected,
they seep into cancer tumors. The
surgeon can see the glowing tumor,
and use it as a guide for more
accurate tumor removal.

References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanomed
icine#cite_note-6
http://www.nanoed.org/concepts_app
s/AuNanoShells/InDepthIntroPg1.htm
l#InDepthIntro
http://www.nanomedicinecenter.com/
drug-delivery/

Thanks
Thanks
Dina Nabil Khater
Khater_dina@yahoo.com
:Supervised by prof. Doctor

Wael Sami
Industrial pharmacy department
SPC supervisor

 Sensor test chips containing

thousands of nanowires, able to
detect proteins and other biomarkers
left behind by cancer cells, could
enable the detection and diagnosis of
cancer in the early stages from a few
drops of a patient's blood.