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Review Question 1
Why an application developer might
choose to run an application over UDP
rather than TCP
Review Question 2
Is it possible for an application to enjoy
reliable data transfer even when the
application runs over UDP? If so, how?
Review Question 3
Consider transferring a file of L bytes from Host
A to Host B. Assume an MSS of 1460 bytes.
(a) What is the maximum value of L such that
TCP sequence numbers are not exhausted?
(b) For the L you obtain in (a), find how long
does it take to transmit the file. Assume that a
total of 66 bytes of transport, network, and data
link header are added to each segment before
the resulting packet is sent out over a 10 Mbps
link. Ignore flow control and congestion control
32
2
are 4,294,967,296
There
possible sequence numbers.
a) The sequence number does not increment by one
with each segment. Rather, is increments by the number
of bytes of data sent. So the size of the MSS is irrelevant
-- the maximum size file that can be sent from A to B is
simply the number of bytes equal to 2 4.19 Gbytes.
2
2,941,758
b) The number of segments 1460
is . Now 66
32
32
Review Question 4
For RTT estimation, Why do you think
TCP avoids measurement of SampleRTT
for the retransmitted segments
Review Question 5
TCP waits until it has received three
duplicate ACKs before performing a fast
retransmit. Why?
Review Question 6
To achieve a TCP throughput of 10GPS,
find the tolerable segment loss probability
Review Question 7
If suppose the TCP sender sends a large
amount of data and then goes idle at time
A and becomes active again at B. What
are the adv./disadv. of TCP using the
Congwin and threshold values from A , at
B.
Review Question 8
Suppose TCP increased its congestion
window by two rather than by one for each
received acknowledgement during slow
start. First window consists of one, second
three and so on. Find the latency
1 3k
min k :
O / S
1 3
min{k : 3k 1 2O / S}
log 3 (1 2O / S )
Q max k : RTT 3k 1 0
R R
RTT
1 log 3 (1
)
S / R
P
O
Latency 2 RTT stallk
R
k 1
P
O
S S
2 RTT RTT 3k 1
R
R R
k 1
O
(3P 1) S
2 RTT P ( RTT S / R )
R
2
R
Review Question 9
Let RTT=1sec and O = 100kbytes.
Prepare a chart that compares minimum
latency with that of slow start for R =
28kbps, 100kbps, 1Mbps and 10Mbps.
O/R
Min
latency
Latency with
slow start
28 Kbps
29.25 s
31.25
sec
33.18 sec
100
Kbps
8.19 s
10.19
sec
13.86 sec
1 Mbps
819
msec
2.81 sec
9.26 sec
10 Mbps
82 msec
2 sec
9 sec
Review Question 10
Consider sending an object of size
O=100kbytes from server to client. Let
S=536 bytes and RTT=100msec. Suppose
TCP use static window size with window
size W. Find the minimum possible latency
and the window size that achieves this
minimum value for transmission rates of
28kbps, 100kbps, 1Mbps and 10Mbps.
RTT
1
S / R
S/R
min latency
28 Kbps
28.77 sec
100 Kbps
8.2 sec
1 Mbps
1 sec
25
10 Mbps
0.28 sec
23
5
Review Question 11
The idea of doubling of the timeout
interval can be considered to be a
mechanism for congestion control. Justify.
Does TCP need to employ window based
congestion control