TRIP GENERATION

TRIP GENERATION

Its the first step in the conventional four-step

transportation forecasting, widely used for forecasting
travel demands. It predicts the number of trips
originating in or destined for a particular traffic analysis
zone.

CLASSIFICATION OF TRIP
Home Based Trip: One of the trip end is home.
Non Home based trips: None of the trip end is
home.
Time based trips
Person-type based trips

Assumption
Frequency and distribution of travel is a function of the
distribution of activities and land uses.
Relationships between trip rates and zone
characteristics may be assumed to remain stable over
time.
Trip making activities may be related by specifying trip
purposes

Factors affecting Trip Generation

No. of workers in a household.

No. of Students.
Household size and composition.
The household income.
Some proxy of income such as number
of cars etc.

Methods for estimating Trip Generation and

Attraction

Growth Rate method

Category Analysis
Regression Model

GROWTH RATE
METHOD

Growth Rate Method

There are many factors that could make a difference in
determining the number of trips in a certain community
or city. Some of these factors would be the population,
number of car ownership in a certain population, or the
income of the population. If these future number may
be estimated statistically, using its growth rate, the
future trip generation could be estimated.

Growth Rate Method

Growth rate method could be estimated using the the
formula:

Where T - trip generation or attraction of zone i.

Growth Rate Method

Where F growth rate of zone

P population of zone
M index of activity (e.g. car ownership, income, etc.)

CATEGORY ANALYSIS

Category Analysis
The category analysis model, sometimes referred to as
cross-classification model, is based on the
assumption that the number of trips generated
bysimilarhouseholds or households belonging to the
same categoryis the same

Example
Number of cars/ households
FAMILY SIZE

No. of HH

No. of Trips

No. of HH

No. of Trips

100

200

50

150

200

500

100

350

150

450

50

200

More Than 3

50

200

10

70

Average Trip Generation Rate per

Day

Average Trip Generation Rate per

Day
Family Size

Number of cars/ household

1

2.5

3.5

More than 3

Estimated Trip Generation

Estimated Trip Generation

Number of cars/ households
FAMILY SIZE

No. of HH

No. of Trips

No. of HH

No. of Trips

200

400

400

300

250

625

625

525

100

300

300

400

More Than 3

50

250

250

350

EXAMPLE
8.1

The city of Vigan had the following land use activity

statistics during morning peak hour in 2000. Estimate
the total trip generation during the period.

Land use type/activity

(a)
1. Residential (6,582 dwelling units)

2. Hotels (178 rooms)

3. Hospitals (262 beds)
4. Restaurant (58 establishments)
at 25 sq m

Trip Rates
(b)
AM in 1.52

Per dwelling
unit

AM out 3.0

Per dwelling
unit

AM in 0.85

Per room

AM out 0.677

Per room

AM in 1.286

Per bed

AM out 0.830

Per bed

AM in 0.0548

Per sq m

AM out 0.0331

Per sq m

5. Commercial (823 establishments) AM in 0.0245

at 25 sq m
6. Office (276 establishments) at
100 sq m

Unit
(c)

Per sq m

AM out 0.0192

Per sq m

AM in 0.0176

Per sq m

AM out 0.0027

Per sq m

SOLUTION
The estimated Person Trips (AM) can be calculated by
multiplying the Land Use type/activity and Trip Rates.
Est. Person Trips=
Land Use Type x Trip Rates

LAND USE
TYPE/ACTIVITY
1. Residential

2. Hotels

3. Hospitals

4. Restaurants

5. Commercial

6. Office

PERSON TRIPS (AM)

In

10,005

Out

19, 796

In

151

Out

119

In

337

Out

217

In

80

Out

50

In

522

Out

409

In

486

Out

74

 The table summarizes the total trip generation.

Residential units produce about 20,000 person trips in
the morning. Trip attraction to various establishments is
also obtained by considering all person trips coming in
during the morning peak hour. It must be noted that
total trip attraction does not equal total trip production
because there are trips coming from outside the city of
Vigan.

TOTAL TRIP GENERATION

a. Trip Production of Residential

19, 746 person trips

b. Trip Attraction of Establishments

Hotels

151

Hospitals

337

Restaurant
Offices
Schools
Commercial

TOTAL

80
486
26,301
522

27, 726 Person Trips