Schematics and Valves

Reference info

Fundamentals -- Monoprop Blowdown

System
SMART-1 HYD Schematic
F/DV1

KEY

TS

GN 2
Filter
N 2H4
Fill / Drain
Valve

PT1
P

Latching
Valve

Solenoid
Valve

F/DV2
F1
LV1

TS

P
S
TS

S
TS

S
TS

S
TS

S
TS

S
TS

S
TS

2
3
4
5
6
7
MR-103G 1.0 N Rocket Engine Assemblies

S
TS

Temp.
Sensor
Pressure
Transducer
Flow Control
Orifice
Mech. Fitting

Fundamentals -- Regulated Monoprop

System
GLAST Propulsion System Schematic
GN 2

GN2

P
NC

NC

KEY

Series -redundant
Regulator

Lat ch Valv e

NC

Normally -clos ed
Py ro Valv e
Check Valv e
Assembly
Filt er

GN2

Pres sure Transduc er

Temperature Sensor
Serv ic e Valve

N 2H 4

Surge Suppress ion

Orif ic e

P
S

10

11

12

MR-106E 5.0 lb f REAs

Typical Prop System Safety Features (CONTOUR)

B4

B1

B2

GN 2

B3

Pressure xducer and

tank temp. sensor
used to monitor tank
status subsequent to
prop loading

A4

A3

A2

A1

Tank Burst Factor > 2.1

Tank designed to meet
reqtsof MIL-STD-1522A

Two leak inhibits

exist at each of
the fill/drain
valves to prevent
seat leakage

GN 2

N 2 H4

Tank T1

N2H4

Tank T2

PT1 P
PT2 P
F2

F1
O1
LV1

Two mechanical leak

inhibits combine with
latch valve seat
to provide two-fault
tolerance against
firing of thrusters

O2
LV2

LV3

LV4
T

D1

D2 D3 D4

C1

C2 C3 C4

Flow control orifice

keeps maximum surge
pressure below proof
pressure

Latch valve closed

during launch and
ground handling
to provide two-fault
tolerance against
firing of thrusters

Add a Valve

Usually solenoid valves (sometimes

torque motor valves may be used)
Most often series dual seat
Seats may be metal or elastomer
May be sliding fit or S-spring type
Ti is available, but CRES (corrosion
resistant steel) is most common
Most valves have small integral inlet
filters
Consume 10 to 45 watts continuously
when open
Valve to thruster seal is usually a
qualified O-ring face or gland seal
Trapped volume from valve seat to
thruster inlet is the dribble volume
that exhausts after valve is closed

Typical Solenoid Valve CrossSection

Valve Sources
http://www.moog.com/Space/Spacecraf
tFluid/
http://www.valvetech.net/products.htm
l
http://www.vacco.com/space2.html

Add Propellant Lines

Propellant lines may be CRES or Ti.

Bipropellant systems are usually
Ti because oxidizer leaches iron
out of CRES.
Standard seamless tubing in
several wall thicknesses is
available
Fittings are rarely used, most
systems are welded with orbital
arc welding
I design layouts clearance must be
left for weld head
Tubing diameter is sized to
minimize system pressure drop
quarter-inch and 3/8 inch are
common outer diameters
In a system layout, provisions
must be made to support tubing

Group an Isolated Manifold

Thrusters may be chosen for a

manifold group by function, for
redundancy or by location
Isolation valves are often latch
valves, but can also be pyro
valves
Valve material usually is
selected to be the same as
tubing material
Pyro valves generate
particulates and must have
downstream filters
Latch valves usually have
integral inlet filters
Latch valves are $$$$
Manifolds generate coupled
pressure effects

Latch Valve Cross Section

Typical Pyrovalve

Isolation Valve Sources

http://www.moog.com/Space/Spacecraf
tFluid/
http://www.vacco.com/space2.html
http:www.conaxfl.com

Add Service Connections

Service valves allow filling

the propellant tank,
evacuating and bleeding-in
the system and adding
pressurant
Usually simple, light-weight,
quarter-turn shut off valves
to connect to fueling system
Usually are flown with caps
in place
Service inlets in system
may be gravity determined
low points or highpoints
Service valves are usually
on the outside of the vehicle

STEREO Schematic
SV1

SV2

TANK 1

KEY

GN2

GN2

N2H4

N2H4

Cross-Over
Latch Valve

F1

SV3

TANK 2

F2

SV4
L

LV3

P1

P2

Main Latch Valves

Service
Valve

O2

O1

LV1

Filter

LV2

Latching
Valve
Solenoid
Valve
Pressure
Transducer
Orifice

A1

B1

A4

B4

B2

C2

B3

C3

A2

A3

C1

C4

MR-111C 1.0 lbf Rocket Engine Assemblies

Cryo Joint

>

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Pressurant tank (He or N2) is

usually very high pressure
(3000 to 5000 psia)
Often a composite overwrapped tank is used
Regulators are $$$$$
Regulators are sensitive to
contamination
Regulators are often less
reliable than other
components
Check valves are usually
employed on the
pressurization inlet as well
as the propellant outlet of
the tank for the same reason

>

Add a Pressurization
System