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Lesson

objectives
To learn about the style and
features of jazz music

To learn about the instruments


used in jazz
To learn about some famous
jazz performers

2012 Rhinegold Education

The following extracts can be viewed on YouTube here:

Louis Armstrong: The Bare Necessities

Leona Lewis: Summertime

Scott Joplin: The Entertainer

A trad jazz band

Glen Miller: In The Mood

Charlie Parker: Ko-Ko

Miles Davis: All Blues

Antonio Carlos Jobim: The Girl from Ipanema

Ella Fitzgerald: One Note Samba

2012 Rhinegold Education

Introduction
Jazz developed in the USA
in the early 1900s, fusing
European harmonies and
African rhythms with other
types of music.
Jazz developed rapidly into
different styles such as
trad, swing, bebop, cool
and Latin.
2012 Rhinegold Education

Structure of a jazz
performance
A typical jazz performance
has this structure:
Whole band plays
the head (the
main tune)

The frontline
instruments
play solos,
while the rhythm
section accompanies

Whole band plays


the head

The solos are improvised: made up on the spot.

2012 Rhinegold Education

Styles of jazz
Trad

Bebop

Latin

Energetic and lively,


featuring the
banjo and clarinet

Fast with complex


harmonies and
virtuosic solos

Influenced by
Brazilian and
Cuban rhythms

1920s

1930s

1940s

Swing

Cool

Bigger bands made


up largely of brass
instruments

Easy-going and
laid-back: a reaction
against bebop

2012 Rhinegold Education

1950s

Famous jazz musicians


Ella Fitzgerald

19171996
A great jazz
singer

Louis Armstrong Charlie Parker

19011971
A famous
jazz
trumpeter

19201955
A virtuosic
jazz saxophonist

2012 Rhinegold Education

Miles Davis

19261991
Another
famous jazz
trumpeter

Written Activity 1:
test your jazz knowledge
a) When and where did jazz start to develop?
b) Name two frontline instruments and two rhythm section instruments.
c) Describe swing rhythm, and name a type of jazz that tends not
to use it.
d) Name a famous jazz vocalist.
e) Name a famous jazz trumpeter.
f) What does improvisation mean?
g) Name a famous jazz tune.
h) What does the term head mean in jazz?
i) What style developed first trad jazz or swing?

2012 Rhinegold Education

Written Activity 2: jazz


features

Type of jazz

Date when this


style became
popular

Musical features

Trad
Swing

Famous artists

Scott Joplin
1930s 1940s

Latin
Cool
Bebop

Miles Davis
Mid-1940s

2012 Rhinegold Education

Written Activity 3:
Produce a guide
to jazz for
describing
jazz
someone who has never heard
it before.

Include key words, facts about


instruments and performers, and
features of different jazz styles.
Illustrate your guide with images
if you have time.

2012 Rhinegold Education

Practical Activity 1:
bass line and melody
Practise playing composition
this jazz bass line (or make up your own):
Improvise some melodies over the top of your bass line,
using the blues scale in the key of A:

2012 Rhinegold Education

Practical Activity 2:
experimenting with scat
singing
Listen to an example of
scat singing such as Ella
Fitzgeralds One Note Samba. Then improvise your own
vocal line using syllables such as these:
Doo

Shoo

Ba

Wap

Try scat singing over this bass line:

2012 Rhinegold Education

Boo

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