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Adsorption
Adsorption is the process in which a gas,
liquid, or solid adheres (accumulated) to
the surface of a solid or (less frequently) a
liquid, but doesnt penetrate it.
(only in the surface)
Adsorption is way different from absorption
explainations
Adsorbate
Adsorbate is a liquids or gas substance
that consentrated to the surface of the
adsorbent.
There are two types of adsorbate,
such as:
Polar types
Non-polar types
Adsorptive
Adsorptive is the substance that would
be adsorp before it reach the surface
of a liquids.
Adsorbent
Adsorbent are usually a solid substance that
adsorps another substance. Adsorbents are used
usually in form of spherical pellets, rods, moldings
or monoliths with hydrodynamic diameters.
Adsorbent Material
Silica gel
Properties of Silica Gel
Bulk Density
44-56
lb/ft3
Heat Capacity
0.220.26
BTU/lboF
Pore Volume
0.37
cm3/g
Surface Area
750 m2/g
Average Pore
22
Diameter
Regeneration
120-250
o
Temperature
C
Maximum Allowable
400 oC
Temperature
Adsorbent Material
Activated Allumina
Properties of Activated
Alumina
Bulk Density
Granules
Pellets
Specific Heat
Pore Volume
Surface Area
Average Pore Diameter
Regeneration
Temperature
(Steaming)
Maximum Allowable
Temperature
38-42 lb/ft3
54-58 lb/ft3
0.21-0.25
BTU/lboF
0.29-0.37
cm3/g
210-360
m2/g
18-48
200-250 oC
500 oC
Adsorbent Material
Activated Carbon
Properties of Activated
Carbon
Bulk Density
22-34 lb/ft3
Heat Capacity
0.27-0.36
BTU/lboF
Pore Volume
0.56-1.20
cm3/g
Surface Area
600-1600 m2/g
Average Pore
15-25
Diameter
Regeneration
100-140 oC
Temperature
(Steaming)
Maximum
150 oC
Allowable
Temperature
Adsorbent Material
Molecular Sieves
Properties of Molecular Sieves
Type
Density in bulk (lb/ft3)
Specific Heat (BTU/lboF)
Effective diameter of pores
()
Regeneration Temperature
(oC)
Maximum Allowable
Temperature (oC)
Anhydrous
Anhydrous
Sodium
Calcium
Aluminosilicate Aluminosilicate
4A
5A
44
44
0.19
0.19
4
5
Anhydrous
Aluminosilic
ate
13X
38
13
200-300
200-300
200-300
600
600
600
Types of Adsorption
Based on its processes, there are two types of
adsorption as follows:
Physical adsorption (Physisorption)
Physisorption
Molecules bounded to adsorbent
by Van der Walls force
The enthalpy is between -4 to
40 kJ/mol
Chemisorption
Molecules bounded to
to 800 kJ/mol
Multi-layer adsorpytion
Mono-layer adsorption
temperatures
Very Specific
Water taps (TAPS) that exist today contains colloidal particles of clay,
mud,
and a variety of other negatively charged particles. Therefore,
to make it worth to drink, should be done in a few steps to the colloidal
particles can be separated. It is done by adding alum (Al2SO4) 3 Al3 +
Ions contained on the alum hydrolyzed colloidal particles formed be of Al
(OH) 3 positively through the reaction:
Applications of Adsorption
Adsorptionfinds extensive applications both in research laboratory
and in industry. A few applications are discussed below:
Inadsorptionindicators:
In chromatographic analysis
Incatalysis
In softening of hard water
In clarification of sugar
In paint industry
In preserving vacuum
In glass masks
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