GROUP 8 WRITING 1

Writing Definition

According to Meyers (2005:2), writing is a way to product language, which you do naturally when
you speak. Writing is communication with other in a verbal way. Writing is also a process of
discovering and organizing your idea, putting them on paper and reshaping and revising them.

Rivers (1981: 294) defines writing as conveying information or expression of original ideas in a
consecutive way in the new language.

Elbow (1973) in Brown (2001: 336) state that writing is a two-step process. The first process is
figuring out the meaning and the second process is putting the meaning into language.

Brown, (2001: 336) also claimed that writing is a thinking process. Furthermore, he states that
writing can be planned and given with an unlimited number of revisions before its release.

Nunan (2003: 88) defines writing as the process of thinking to invent ideas ,thinking about how to
express into good writing, and arranging the ideas into statement and paragraph clearly.

Theories of the Aspects

Jim A.P (2010:2: Writing skill in second language), explains that writing skill is complex and difficult to
learn. Requiring mastery is not only grammatical patterns but also the rule of writing such as high degree
of organization in the development of ideas and information and also choosing the appropriate
vocabularies and sentence structure to create a style which is appropriate to subject matter.

Spratt Et Al (2005:16) also state that writing involves several sub skills. They involve spelling correctly,
forming letters correctly, writing legibly, punctuating correctly, using correct layouts, choosing the right
vocabulary, using correct grammar correctly, and using paragraphs correctly.

Harmer (1983: 48) points out that there is certain particular needs to be taken into account when teaching
writing, e.g. sentence organization, paragraph arrangement, and coherence in the writing itself. More
specially, it is said that teaching writing requires the elements of writing skill including grammar, sentence
organization, vocabulary, and mechanic

Brown (1980) states that teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something providing
with knowledge, causing to know or to understand. Writing is one way to communicate with other people
besides speaking. When the students write a paragraph, they should write not only semantically correct
but also she/he should use a correct grammar.

It can be said that teaching writing covers not only the use of grammar such as sentence sense, word
order and mechanic, i,e., the use of graphic symbols, but also teaching writing covers the organization of
ideas expressed into the correct of writing (Madsen, 1983:120)

WRITING ASPECTS

Jim AP

Spratt

organization

Harmer

Brown

organization

vocabulary

vocabulary

vocabulary

grammar

grammar

grammar

mechanic

mechanic

Madsen

organization

grammar

grammar
mechanic

Blueprint
NO
INDICATORS
1. Organization
2. Vocabulary
3. Grammar
4. Mechanic

Instrument
Please write an essay about intersting tourist spot in
your city. Write at least 500 word on your essay. The
score will be based on: organization, vocabulary,
grammar and mehanism.

Questions of Reability
1.

Do you understand the instruction?

2.

Do you know the topic of test?

3.

Do you know how many words you should write?

4.

Do you know the time allocated to prepare the test?

5.

Do you know the time allocated to do the test?

6.

Do you know the indicators that will be scored?