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Pavements
AFANDI BIN SAFI
A141506
AMIRUL ANWAR BIN MOHD SOLONG
A139607
MOHD AZMAN BIN SAMER
A141428
MUHAMMAD TAUFIQ BIN OTHMAN
A141468
Portland Cement
Carefully mix of limestone, marl and clay
or shale at high temperature.
5 type of Portland cement:
type I
type II
type III
type IV
type V
Coarse aggregate
Fine aggregate
Steel
Reduce amount of
cracking
Reinforci
ng steel
Temperatu
re steel
Tie bars
Dowel
bars
Provide flexural,
shearing, and
bearing resistance
Expansion
joint
Contraction
joint
Hinged joint
Construction
joint
Definition
Discharge of water and subgrade materials
through joints, cracks, and along pavement
edges
Reliability
Design
Consideratio
ns
Subgrade
Strength
Drainage
Concrete
Properties
Traffic
Estimate ESALs
Design reliability, R%
Overall standard deviation, So
Design serviceability loss, PSI = pi - pt
Effective (seasonally adjusted) elastic k
value of the subgrade (lb/in.2)
vi. Concrete modulus of rupture, Sc (lb/in.2)
vii. Concrete elastic modulus, Ec (lb/in.2)
viii. Joint spacing, L (in.)
Traffic Load
The traffic load is computed in terms of
the cumulated number of single and
tandem axles of different loads.
The information required to determine
cumulated numbers are the average daily
traffic, the average daily truck traffic and
axle load distribution.
Design procedure:
The procedure is based on a detailed
finite-element computer analysis of
stresses and deflections of the pavement
edges, joints, and corners.
The design procedure consists of two
parts:
Fatigue analysis
Erosion analysis.
Fatigue analysis:
Is to determine the minimum thickness of
the concrete required to control fatigue
cracking
Erosion analysis:
An erosion factor is used instead of the
stress factor.
QUESTION?