Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY (IT)
05/26/15
STID 1103
Learning Objectives
After
05/26/15
STID 1103
Chapter Outline
Introduction
IT & ICT
Computer
Hardware
Software
Application
Operating System
Programming Languages
Windows Technology
05/26/15
STID 1103
What is IT/ICT?
05/26/15
STID 1103
Information Technology
Information
STID 1103
What is ICT?
Information Communications Technology (ICT)
covers any product that will store, retrieve,
manipulate, transmit or receive information
electronically in a digital form. For example,
personal computers, digital television, email,
robots.
ICT is concerned with the storage, retrieval,
manipulation, transmission or receipt of digital data.
It is also concerned with the way these different
uses can work with each other.
05/26/15
STID 1103
05/26/15
STID 1103
IT Components
Process
Application
(software)
Hardware
STID 1103
Process
The
STID 1103
Application (Software)
Software
Curricular software
it is designed to educate students with
concepts and skills. The learning objective
is determine by the software.
Generic software
Software that is used to achieve various
learning objectives. Example: Word
processor, databases and multimedia
05/26/15
STID 1103
10
Hardware
The
physical components of a
computer system
Includes all types of technology
hardware including computers,
scanner, modem, printers etc.
05/26/15
STID 1103
11
Telecommunication devices
Wireless
Phone
Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)
Walkie Talkie
Pager
Fax machine
Video Conferencing
Telegraph
Chatting software: Example IRC, Yahoo
Messenger
05/26/15
STID 1103
12
Example of Telecommunication
Devices
CELULAR PHONE
PAGER
05/26/15
STID 1103
13
Example of Telecommunication
Devices PDA
WALKIE TALKIE
05/26/15
STID 1103
14
Example of Telecommunication
Devices
FAX MACHINE
05/26/15
STID 1103
15
Example of Telecommunication
Devices
Computer
05/26/15
STID 1103
16
Computer
An
electronic device or a
programmable machine that receives
inputs, stores and manipulates data
(retrieves and processes data), can be
programmed with instructions and
provides output in a useful format.
A computer is composed of hardware and
software, and can exist in a variety of
sizes and configurations.
05/26/15
STID 1103
17
Computer
Monitor
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
Keyboard
05/26/15
STID 1103
18
Types of Computer
Analog
STID 1103
19
Components of Computer
Central
05/26/15
STID 1103
20
05/26/15
STID 1103
21
Storage
05/26/15
STID 1103
22
Input Devices
05/26/15
STID 1103
23
Output Devices
Any
STID 1103
24
Communication Devices
Communication
is a process of
transferring information from one entity
to another.
Provide connections between the
computer and communication networks.
Example: Modem, Digital Camera,
HeadPhone/Telephony (conferencing),
radio/TV.
05/26/15
STID 1103
25
Categories of Computers
Supercomputer
Mainframe
Midrange
(Minicomputers)
Microcomputers
Workstation
05/26/15
STID 1103
26
Supercomputer
Highly
05/26/15
STID 1103
27
Mainframe
Largest
05/26/15
STID 1103
28
Midrange (Minicomputers)
A class of computer systems which fall in between
mainframe computers and microcomputers.
Capable of supporting the computing needs of
small organizations or of managing networks of
other computers such as in Universities, factories
and research laboratories as server to manage
organization computer network
E.g. Digital Equipment Corporation, HewlettPackard (HP3000 line), and Sun Microsystems
(SPARC Enterprise).
05/26/15
STID 1103
29
Microcomputers
A computer
05/26/15
STID 1103
30
Workstation
05/26/15
STID 1103
31
Computer Hardware
Monitor
STID 1103
32
Monitor
A monitor or display (sometimes called
a visual display unit) is an electronic
visual display for computers.
It comprises the display device,
circuitry, and an enclosure.
2 types of Monitor
CRT -Cathode Ray Tube (just like
television set
Flat Panel - Using TFT-LCD (thin
film transistor liquid crystal display,
or plasma display panel (pixel rely
on gas in the cell or plasma)
05/26/15
STID 1103
33
Printers
Dot matrix
Ink Jet
Laser Jet
Bubble Jet
05/26/15
STID 1103
34
Software
The
STID 1103
35
User
Application Software
System Software
Computer
Hardware
05/26/15
36
Software
Application Software
Programming Languages
Firmware
Device Drivers
Middleware
Testware
05/26/15
STID 1103
37
System Software
A computer
05/26/15
STID 1103
38
Operating System
05/26/15
STID 1103
39
95/98/2000/NT/ME/XP
LindowsOS
05/26/15
STID 1103
40
DOS
Disk
STID 1103
41
DOS
05/26/15
STID 1103
42
UNIX
A computer
STID 1103
43
UNIX
05/26/15
STID 1103
44
OS/2
Operating
STID 1103
45
OS/2
05/26/15
STID 1103
46
Macintosh
OS
STID 1103
47
05/26/15
STID 1103
48
Mac OS 8.0
05/26/15
STID 1103
49
Mac OS X Jaguar
05/26/15
STID 1103
50
Microsoft Windows
A series
STID 1103
51
05/26/15
STID 1103
52
05/26/15
STID 1103
53
Windows 3.1
Introduced
STID 1103
54
Windows 3.1
05/26/15
STID 1103
55
Windows 95
05/26/15
STID 1103
56
Windows 95
05/26/15
STID 1103
57
Windows 98
32-bit
STID 1103
58
Windows 98
05/26/15
STID 1103
59
Windows 2000
32-bit
05/26/15
STID 1103
60
05/26/15
STID 1103
61
Windows ME
Microsoft
05/26/15
STID 1103
62
Windows ME
05/26/15
STID 1103
63
Windows NT
Microsoft
Windows NT (New
Technology)
Posses the same ability in UNIX such as
multi-user, multitasking and high security.
Suitable for high technology application,
graphic and animation.
Appropriate as server in a network.
05/26/15
STID 1103
64
Windows NT 3.1
05/26/15
STID 1103
65
Windows XP
Microsoft
Windows XP (Experience)
STID 1103
66
Windows XP
05/26/15
STID 1103
67
LindowsOS
Linspire,
STID 1103
68
LindowsOS
05/26/15
STID 1103
69
05/26/15
STID 1103
70
05/26/15
STID 1103
71
Utility software
05/26/15
STID 1103
72
05/26/15
STID 1103
73
Compiler
05/26/15
STID 1103
74
Interpreter
05/26/15
STID 1103
75
Programming languages
05/26/15
STID 1103
76
05/26/15
STID 1103
77
Low-level Programming
languages
A programming language that provides little or no
05/26/15
STID 1103
78
05/26/15
STID 1103
79
05/26/15
STID 1103
80
STID 1103
81
The TASM can only create programs in .OBJ format, which are not executable by
themselves, but rather it is necessary to have a linker which generates the
executable code.
05/26/15
STID 1103
82
C:\>
Where exam1.obj is the name of the intermediate program, .OBJ. This generates a
file directly with the name of the intermediate program and the .EXE extension.
05/26/15
STID 1103
83
05/26/15
STID 1103
84
High-level Programming
languages
A programming language with strong abstraction from the
05/26/15
STID 1103
85
STID 1103
86
05/26/15
! mass in kilograms
! acceleration in mks units
! force in Newtons
STID 1103
87
=============================================
int main () = the beginning of the definition of the main function (all C++ programs
start their execution).
{ = opening the function
cout << "Hello World!"; = This line is a C++ statement/expression
} = closing the function
// = comments
return 0; = The return statement causes the main function to finish.
05/26/15
STID 1103
88
05/26/15
STID 1103
89
Query languages
Report generators
Graphics languages
Application generators
Very high level programming languages
Application software packages
PC tools
05/26/15
STID 1103
90
05/26/15
STID 1103
91
STID 1103
92
Application software
05/26/15
STID 1103
93
Word Processor
Used in
Business
Personal
Educationetc
05/26/15
STID 1103
94
Electronic spreadsheet
05/26/15
STID 1103
95
Database
05/26/15
STID 1103
96
Graphic Presentation
A computer
STID 1103
97
Firmware
05/26/15
STID 1103
98
Device Drivers
A device
05/26/15
STID 1103
99
Middleware
05/26/15
STID 1103
100
Middleware
05/26/15
STID 1103
101
Testware
Software
STID 1103
102
IT in Management
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
05/26/15
STID 1103
103
STID 1103
104
Computer crime
Hackers
Illegal downloading
Hard to manage
Computer broke down
Gap between humans
Less communication among people
Secluded in their rooms
Privacy and confidentiality
Personal information can be revealed easily
05/26/15
STID 1103
105
Review
Introduction
IT & ICT
Computer
Hardware
Software
Application
Operating System
Programming Languages
Windows Technology
05/26/15
STID 1103
106