Cisco 2 - Routers

Chapter 4

Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)

CDP is a layer 2 protocol.

CDP is used to:
obtain information about neighboring devices
types of devices (switch, type of router)
router interfaces they are connected to
interfaces used to make the connection ( E0, S0, etc.)
model number of the devices
CDP is protocol independent, and runs on Cisco equipment over the
Subnetwork Access Protocol (SNAP).

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Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)

Primary use of CDP is to discover all Cisco devices that are directly
connected to a local device.
This is done by transmitting type length values (TLVs) which are blocks of
information embedded in CDP advertisements.
To display the CDP information, use the command:
show cdp neighbors

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Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)

Device TLVs displayed by the show cdp neighbors include:
device ID
local interface
holdtime
capability
platform
port ID
VTP Management Domain Name (CDPv2* only)
Native VLAN (CDPv2 only)
Full/Half-Duplex (CDPv2 only)
* Supported by Cisco IOS release 12.0(3)T or later
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Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)

To enable CDP globally:
cdp run
CDP is globally enabled by default.

To enable CDP on a particular interface, do:

cdp enable
On Cisco IOS Release 10.2 or higher, CDP is enabled by default

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Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)

NOTE:
1.

Disable CDP at the global level, use no cdp run

2.

If CDP is disabled globally, individual interfaces cannot be enabled

for CDP

3.

IOS Release 10.3 or higher, CDP is enabled by default. However, on

asynchronous interfaces, CDP is disabled by default.

4.

To disable CDP on a specific interface after it has been enable, do

no cdp enable

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Chapter 4

Telnet

Telnet is a virtual terminal protocol that is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite.
Provides a remote login capability.
Telnet function at the application layer. If a telnet command is successful
from one device to another, then all 7 layers of the OSI model is working.
It is the most complete testing mechanism available, say Cisco.
Telnet uses the five (5) vty sessions. However, there has to be a login and
password associated with the vty session in order for telnet to work.

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Telnet

If one has a host table on the router ( ip host <name> <ip add> ), then you
can do telnet <host name>.
As an example:
telnet routerB
DUE THE LABS FOR resuming and suspending SESSION.
NOTE:
1.

Enter command, you go to the most recent session

2.

To resume a session it needs a connection ID.

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Chapter 4

Ping
Ping command is used to determine if a particular ip address is reachable.
Traceroute command is used to trance the route to an ip address.
Ping sends ICMP echo request messages and receive an echo reply.
Ping Command Code

Explanation

ICMP echo reply received

Nothing received

ICMP unreachable (destination) received

ICMP unreachable (network) received

ICMP unreachable (port) received

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Interface Protocol

Serial is up, line protocol is up

operational

Serial is up, line protocol is down

Connection problems (L2)

Serial is down, line protocol is down

Interface problems (L1)

Serial is administratively down, line protocol is down

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Interface Protocol
For serial port:
Serial is up, line protocol is down maybe caused by:
network mismatched
clock rate not set on DCE
mismatch of encapsulation (HDLC vs. PPP)

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