12 JANUARY 2010

11.15-12.35 PM
Systematic approach used by
scientist to investigate a
phenomenon
1. Making observation 11. Writing report

2. Making inference 10. Making conclusion

3. Identifying the problem 9. Interpreting data

4. Making hypothesis 8. Collecting data

5.Identifying variable 7. Planning an experiment

6. Controlling variable
Classifying Using observations to group
objects or events according to
similarities or differences.
EXAMPLE

SAMPLE SIMILARITY DIFFERENT

A
B
Communicating Using words or graphic symbols
such as tables, graphs, figures
or models to describe an
EXAMPLE
action, object or event.

TEMPERATURE SOLUBILITY OF SALT

( ˚C) SALT X (g) SALT Y (g)

30 5 7
40 10 14
50 15 21
60 20 28
70 25 35
Defining Defining concepts by describing
operationally what must be done and what
should be observed.
EXAMPLE

Experiment of state of matter.

What is a concept that we use to describe
the state of matter?
The kinetic theory of matter
Predicting Stating the outcome of a future
event based on prior knowledge
gained through experiences or
collected data.
EXAMPLE

When the temperature is increases, what happen

to sugar in the water?
How about we using the salt?
both have a same result or not?
 Arrange the steps of the
Scientific Method in correct order
EXPERIMENT 1
A group of students conducted an
experiment to determine the effect of
temperature in dissolving sugar in water.
(A) State all the variables involve

(B) State a suitable unit to record the

manipulated
variable in this experiment.
(C) Tabulate a table to record the collected data
EXPERIMENT 2
The table below shows the mass of two salts,
X and Y that dissolved in 100 cm³ of water at
different temperatures.
TEMPERATURE SOLUBILITY OF SALT
( ˚C) SALT X (g) SALT Y (g)

30 5 7
40 10 14
50 15 21
60 20 28
70 25 35
(a)State all variable in the above
experiments
(i) the manipulated variable
(ii) the fixed variable
(iii) the responding variable
(b) Plot a graph of the solubility of salt X
and Salt Y against temperature on the
same graph
(A) i) manipulated variable- temperature
of water
ii) fixed variable-the volume of water, the
size of the sugar
iii) responding variable- the mass of the
dissolved sugar
(B) Degree of Celsius, ( ˚C)
(C) T/( ˚C) 30 40 50 60 70

Mass/ g
a) i) temperate of water
ii) Volume of water
iii) mass salt that dissolves in
100 cm³of water
b) Mass of salt (g)
Y

Temperature (˚C)
20
Being honest and Being responsible
accurate in about the safety of
recording and oneself, others, and
validating data the environment.

Having critical and Being confident

analytical thinking. and independent
Being objective &
Being systematic.
Prevent accidents
Ensure a clean working place
Obtain a fair and accurate result
Inculcate good and positive values
Stimulate interests and curiosity in
science
REPORT SCIENTIFIC METHOD STEPS
1. State the
problem
2. Hypothesis
3. Variable
Systematic
4. Equipments approach used
by scientist
5. Material
to investigate
6. Technique a phenomenon
7. Data
collection
8. Discussion
9. conclusion