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WORK(W)
WORK(W)
WORK(W)
Example 1.
F ma x
Kinematics
v 22 v12 2a x s
v 22 v12
ax
2s
v 22 v12
F m
2s
v 22 v12
Fs m
2
1
1
2
Fs mv 2 mv12
2
2
1
mv 2 Kinetic Energy(K) - energy due to motion.
2
So, WORK-ENERGY
THEOREM
W K 2 K1
or
W K
If v1 = 0
Then K1 = 0, so
1
W K 2 mv 22
2
Example 4.
POWER(P)
- The rate of doing work.
Instantaneous Power
W Joules
P
or Watts
sec
t
F s
P
F v
t
P F v
Average Power
P F v ave
POWER(P)
Example 6.
When its 75-kW (100-hp) engine is generating full power a
small single-engine airplane with mass 700 kg gains altitude
at a rate of 2.5 m/s. What fraction of the engine power is
being used to make the airplane climb? (The remainder is
used to overcome the effects of air resistance and of
ineffeciencies in the propeller and engine.)
W grav W w w s
Since weight w & displacement s
have the same direction, work done
by the weight is positive. So it has to
be:
So,
W grav U g1 U g 2 U g 2 U g1
or
W grav U g
W grav W w w s
Since weight w & displacement s
have the opposite direction, work
done by the weight is negative. So,
still, it has to be:
So,
W grav U g1 U g 2 U g 2 U g1
or
W grav U g
From,
W F s
W grav w j y j x i
Since,
j j 1 &
W grav
j i 0
w j y j w y
W grav w y2 y1
W grav mgy 2 mgy1
Still,
W grav U g 2 U g1
or
W grav U g
W F ds Fdx
x2
W k x dx
x1
Fapplied = kx
x2
x
W k
x1
1 2 1 2
W kx2 kx1
2
2
2
Recall N3LM :
Fspring Fapplied = kx
Fspring Fapplied kx
Wspring
1 2 1 2
kx1 kx2
2
2
1 2
kx Elastic Potential
2
Energy (Uel)
Fspring
W spring U el 1 U el 2
W spring U el 2 U el 1
Fspring
or,
W spring U el
W grav
Wtotal K K 2 K1
Wel Wother K 2 K1
U grav U el Wother K 2 K1
or
U Wother K 2 K1
U 2 U1 Wother K 2 K1
U1 K1 Wother U 2 K 2
If Wother = 0, the Total Mechanical Energy(U + K) of a body at
any point is constant!
3.00 m
B