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PRECAST CONCRETE AND ITS CONNECTIONS

Under the guidance of


K.P.NAGARAJA
Professor

By
Sachin.R.Biradar

CONTENTS
Introduction
Precast construction
Advantages and Disadvantages
Connections
Aspect of design connections
Common system of connections
Tests carried out
Applications
References

Introduction

In India there is a large shortage of housing and increase in cost


of construction is a big problem to overcome this shortage.

The major cost increase in house built is due to two factors, they
are:
i. Increase in basic cost of materials
ii. Increase in labour costs.

To reduce material consumption and to reduce labour


component many cost reducing system and techniques are
essentially required[1]
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Precast construction

Precast is the construction product by casting concrete in reusable


mould, which is cured in controlled environment and transported to
the site.

Traditional in-situ construction is too slow to cope-up with this


increasing demand.

By pre-cast, better quality buildings can be constructed at faster


rate.

Compared to site-cast concrete, precast concrete erection is


faster and less affected by adverse weather conditions.
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Advantages

As self-supporting ready-made components are used,


shuttering and scaffolding are eliminated to greater extent.

Pre-cast moulds can be used for a large number of times.

It is easier to produce components with structurally efficient


shapes in pre-cast construction.

Production can be done independent of the weather


condition.

Cont

Supervision and better quality can be ensured.

Hazards of fire, accidental damage, effects of temporary


construction and inaccurate workmanship can be eliminated.

High Efficiency, quality control and greater control on finishes.

Same type of components are produced again and again.

Waste materials can be used.

Disadvantages

To ensure monolithically more reinforcement is necessary.


Special care should be taken while handling and erection to
avoid damage and breaking.
Temporary supports may be necessary in some cases.

Chance of leakage through joints.

Connections should be designed.

Precast industry

Connections

Structural integrity of the whole structure.

To transfer forces between the precast elements.

Generally connections are done where BM is zero and SF is


max.
The design of connection may be compression joint, tension
joint, shear joint etc.

Aspect of design connections

These are the basic connection in pre-cast.


i. Bolting.
ii. Grouting reinforcing bars at the site.
iii. Embedding reinforcing bars in epoxy
polyester at the site.

or

iv. Welding.
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Common systems of connections


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Beam-Beam connection
Beam-Column connection
Column-Column connection
Column-Beam floor connection
Floor and roof system

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12

Beam to beam connection

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Beam to column connection

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Cont

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Column to column connections

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Beam to slab connection

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Tests carried out:1.Beam-column connection


2.Column slab connection

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Beam-Column connection [2]

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Sl.no

specimen

ML

8.8

9.40

11.29

11.75

PC-TR

6.5

8.62

7.62

10.77

Sl.no

Experimental Yield
load(kn)
Upward
Downward
direction
direction

Specimen

Experimental ultimate
load(kn)
Upward
Downward
direction
direction

Experimental Ultimate moment(kn-m)


Upward direction

ML

6.21

Downward
direction
6.47

PC-TR

4.19

5.92
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Column-Slab Connection
Unit description
Slab
thickness(mm)
Reinforcement
28-day
strength
(mpa)

fc'
fcu

Slab 1
50

Slab 2
50

Slab 3
63

6@250mm
c/c
39.02
44.82

6@165mm
c/c
37.06
43.93

6@200mm c/c
38.38
43.33

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Crack patterns in the beam-column intersection zone


and slab

[4]

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Applications
Parking lots
Industrial sites
Manufacturing sites
Stadiums
Wall panels
Box culverts

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Observations
The two types of connections tested proved to be
efficient and reliable systems that simplify and speed
up the construction of precast concrete frame
structures.
Connections should be carefully designed where the
impact or dynamic forces are much higher.
Building can be constructed upto 4 storey
height(12m) without extra care at joints.
Used in structure where strength is not major criteria.

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References
[1]Mathur, G.C. (1993), Low Cost Housing in Developing Countries, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co.
Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
[2]Behaviour of precast beam-column tie-rod Connection ,R. Vidjeapriya1 and K.P. Jaya2
[3]Seismic Safety of Joints in Precast Buildings A State-of-theart Literature Review Ravikanth
Chittiprolu & Ramancharla Pradeep Kumar Earthquake Engineering Research Centre, IIIT
Hyderabad.
[4]Saddam m, Ahmedi, Umarani Gunasekaran, A Parametric Study of R.C Slab in Beam-Column
Connection Under Cyclic Loading.
[5]Code of practice for precast concrete construction (2003).

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THANK YOU

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