TYPES OF YARNS

PROPERTIES
END APPLICATION
NATIONAL INSITUTE OF FASHIION
TECHONOLOGY
(CHENNAI)
Tina dhingra
MFTECH

JUTE

2ply
S Twist
Jute is also called "the golden fiber" for its
color and high cash value.
It falls into theBAST FIBRE category
It is the second most important vegetable
fiber after cotton, in terms of usage, global
consumption, production, and availability.

Physical
Length Properties
1.5-4mm
Diameter

0.015-0.020mm

Moisture
Regain(MR%)
Resiliency

13.75%

COLOR

Strength(Tenacity)

white, off-white,
yellow, brown,
grey, golden
3-4 gm/denier

Elongation

1.7% at the break

BAD

Physical Properties
Dimensional
Stability

Good

Abrasion
Resistance

Average

Effect of light and

heat

Average

Effect of Micro
organism

Good(better than
cotton)

BURNING TEST FOR JUTE

In Flame
Removed From
Flame
Odor
Ash

Ignites
immediately
Continues to burn,
doesnt shrink
from flame
Burning paper or
wood
Light colored

 ADVANTAGES OF JUTE FIBERS

Under stress jute extends only 0.5% to its
stable form and so gives wonderful
dimensional stability.
Protecting Environment
The hairy surface of jute fabric gives it a
capacity to grip
DISADVANTAGES OF JUTE FIBERS
The crease resistance of Jute is very low.
Drape Property is not good enough.
Create Shade effect and becomes
yellowish if sunlight is used.
If Jute is wetted it lose its strength

END-USES OF JUTE GOODS

Bags and sacks for packing almost all kinds

of agricultural products, minerals, fertilizer,
cement
Wool packs and cotton bales
Wrapping materials
Carrier and backing fabric for carpet and
linoleum
Cordage and twines
Webbing and fabric to cover inner springs
in auto seats and upholster furniture
Cargo separator in ship

END-USES OF JUTE GOODS

Brattice cloth for mine ventilation and
partition
Filling material in cable
Roofing and floor covering apparel
Footwear lining
Wall covering and furnishing fabric
Fashion accessories
Jute geo-textile for erosion control and
many more.

END APPLICATIONS

END APPLICATIONS

ACRYLIC

2ply
S Twist
Acrylic is also called acrilan fabric
Acrylic fibersaresynthetic fibersmade
from a polymer (polyacrylonitrile)
DuPontcreated the first acrylic fibers in
1941 and trademarked them under the
nameOrlon.

BURNING TEST FOR ACRYLIC

In Flame
Removed From
Flame
Odor

Burns Quickly
Continues To Melt

Ash

Plastic Looking Bead

Acidic Odor

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Tenacity
Density

2-4.2 gm/den
1.16 gm/cc

Elongation at break

20 to 55%

Elasticity
Moisture Regain(MR
%)

Good
1-2.5%

Resiliency

Good

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Melting point

230C

Ability to protest
friction
Color
Light reflection ability

Good

Ability to protest heat

It can protest up to
150C temperature

Lusture

Bright to light

White or grey white

Good

 ADVANTAGES OF ACRYLIC FIBER

They are light weight but have more
bulk.
They are odor and mildew resistant too
Cleans easily.
A transparency rate of 93% makes acrylic
the clearest material known.
DISADVANTAGES OF ACRYLIC FIBER
It is more expensive than glass.
If exposed to a direct flame it will melt
and eventually burn.

END-USES OF ACRYLIC
FOR CLOTHING: Sweaters, Women's and Children's
Wear, Sports Wear, Socks, Knitted Underwear,
Pajamas, Gloves, etc
FOR HOME FURNISHINGS AND BEDDING:
Carpets, A Variety of Rugs, Upholstery, Cushions,
Blankets, Pile Sheets, etc.
FOR INDUSTRIAL USES: Felts for Paper Making,
Filter Cloth, Alternative Asbestos, Tents, Sheet, etc.
FOR OTHER USES: Rag Doll, Toys, Auxiliary Tapes
for Bags, Braids, Cloth for Bags, Wigs, etc.

END-USES OF ACRYLIC

END-USES OF ACRYLIC

NYLON
Nylon with Polythene
Braided yarn
Nylonis a generic designation for a family
ofsynthetic polymersknown generically as
aliphaticpolyamides
Nylon was intended to be a synthetic
replacement forsilkIt replaced silk in
military applications such as parachutes
andflak vests, and was used in many
types of vehicle tires

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Tenacity

6.0-8.5 gm/den

Density

1.14 gm/cc

Elongation at break

15-45%

Elasticity

Very good

Moisture Regain(MR
%)

3.5-5%

Resiliency

Good

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Melting point

215C

Ability to protest
friction
Color

Excellent
White

Light reflection ability Not good

Ability to protect heat Upto 150C
Lusture

Bright to light

BURNING TEST FOR NYLON

In Flame

Melts slowly

Removed From
Flame
Odor

Self extinguishes

Ash

Plastic bead

Unidentified odor

ADVANTAGES
High elongation
Excellent abrasion resistance
Highly resilient (nylon fabrics are heat-set)
High resistance to: insects, fungi and animals,
molds, mildew, rot, many chemicals
DISADVANTAGES
Attacked by oxidizing agents
High shrinkage in molded sections
environmental problems regarding its lack of
being biodegradable

END USES OF NYLON

Womens hosiery
Lingerie
Active sportswear
Soft floor coverings
Carpeting
Industrial uses include: Tire cord,
machine parts, such as gears and
bearings
Automotive uses: Belts, Ropes, Parachute
fabric rip-stop nylon, intake manifolds,
gas (petrol) tanks
carpet fiber

END USES OF NYLON

fishing lines
footwear
pantyhose
Wind pants
toothbrush bristles
Velcro
airbag fiber
slings and rope used in
climbing gear and slack lining

END APPLICATIONS

SPANDEX (LYCRA)
Monofilament yarn
Spandexorelastane or elastomeric
fiberis asynthetic fiberknown for its
exceptionalelasticity.
The name "spandex" is an anagram
of the word "expands".It is the
preferred name inNorth America; in
continental Europe it is referred to by
variants of "elastane",

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Tenacity

0.7 gm/den

Density:

1.21-1.35 gm/cc

Elongation at break

400-700%

Elasticity

Excellent

Moisture Regain(MR%)

0.6%

Resiliency

Very Good

Ability to protest friction

Excellent

Color

White or near white

Ability to protest heat

Not good

Lusture

Less bright

BURNING TEST OF SPANDEX

In Flame

Melts slowly

Removed From
Flame

Self extinguishing

Odor

Acidic

Ash

Plastic bead

ADVANTAGES OF LYCRA
IT IS USED IN CLOTHING BECAUSE ITS
LIGHTWEIGHT, COMFORTABLE, AND
BREATHABLE.
DUE TO ITS FITTING NATURE IT IS OFTEN
USED IN WOMEN'S CLOTHING RATHER THAN
IN MEN'S CLOTHING.
IT DRIES QUICKLY, MOISTURE WICKING AND
IT IS EASY TO DYE.
IT HASBACTERIARESISTANT NATURE,
BLOCKS ULTRAVIOLET RAYS AND SO IT IS
USED IN GARMENTS.
GARMENTS THAT ARE MADE USING LYCRA
ARE SOCKS,SWIMWEAR, EXERCISE
CLOTHING AND LEGGINGS.

DISADVANTAGES OF LYCRA

SINCE IT IS TIGHT-FITTING, NONCYCLISTS FEEL HARD TO ACCEPT ITS

APPEARANCE.
SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE OF THIS TIGHTFITTING IS STILL SLOWLY BEING
IMPLEMENTED.
IF THE LYCRA IS BEING USED AS A BASE
FOR GLUING, AS MIGHT BE THE CASE
IN A FOAM BODYSUIT, THE GLUE WILL
TEND NOT TO SOAK IN THEFIBERSAND
YOU WILL NOT GET GOOD ADHERENCE.

END APPLICATIONS

COTTON
Cottonis a soft, fluffy staple
fiberthat grows in aboll,
Under natural conditions, the
cotton bolls will tend to
increase the dispersion of the
seeds.
ply- 6
Twist- S

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COTTON

Color

White, creamy white, bluish

white, yellowish white or
grey.
Textile Strength 3.5gm/den.
Elongation at
5-10%.
break
Specific Gravity 1.54
Moisture
Regain(MR%):

Standard moisture regain is

8.5

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COTTON

Elastic Recovery
Effect of Sunlight

Effect of age

Effect of Heat

It is inelastic and rigid

fiber
gradual loss of
strength when cotton
is exposed to sunlight
and the fiber turns
yellow.
It shows a small loss
of strength when
stored carefully
cotton is severely
damaged after few
minutes at 240C

BURNING TEST OF
COTTON
In Flame

Ignites immediately

Removed From
Flame

Continues to burn

Odor

Burning paper or
wood
Light ash, blows away

Ash

ADVANTAGES OF COTTON
Environmentally friendly
Durable
Soft
DISADVANTAGES OF COTTON
Cotton clothes will begin to fade after a few
years, particularly if left in direct sunlight.
Cotton is not a very weatherproof fabric. If
left outside it is also likely to be damaged
by mold and mildew. Man-made fabrics tend
to be much tougher, and mold resistant

END APPLICATION

THANK YOU!!!