4.

TREATMENT AND PREVENTION HEAD

INJURY
A. Management
a. Mild head injury (SCG = 13-15)
Performed physical examinations, wound
care, photo head, resting lying with gradual
mobilization in accordance with the
conditions of patients with symptomatic
therapy. Observations at least 24 hours in
hospital to assess the possibility of an
intracranial hematoma. If there is suspicion of
a hematoma, CT-scan examination.

b. Moderate head injury (SCG = 9-12)

Patients in this category may undergo cardiopulmonary disorders.
Sequence of actions:
Check and treat disorders of the airway breathing and circulation
brief examination of consciousness, pupil, cerebral focal signs, and
other organ injury. If suspected cervical spine fractures or bone
extremities, do fixation with mounting collar neck and neck or
extremity bone fixation concerned
Photos head, and if necessary, other body parts photos
CT scan of the brain when there is suspicion of intracranial hematoma
Observation vital function, consciousness, pupil, and other cerebral
focal deficits
When conditions improve (90%): Return when possible Control in the
clinic
If conditions worsen (10%): If the patient is unable to perform simple
command again, immediately do CT-scan examination on the
appropriate protocol and further management of severe head injury

c. Severe hed injury (SCG = 3-8)

When obtained cervical fracture, immediate
fixation pair neck collar, if there is an open
wound and no bleeding, stopped the press for
the first aid dressing. The same action with
moderate head injury with tighter supervision
and treated in the ICU.

In the action Emergency Unit and treatment room :

a. Resuscitation with action A = Airway, Breathing
and Circulation B =
b. physical examination
c. radiological examination
d. laboratory examination
e. Management of elevated intracranial pressure
f. Nutrition
g. rehabilitation

B. Prevention
a. Primary Prevention
Primary prevention is the prevention before the event
of traffic accidents such as to prevent the factors that
support the occurrence of injuries such as traffic
control, wear a seat belt, and wear a helmet.
b. Secondary prevention
Secondary prevention is prevention when events
occur that are designed to reduce or minimize the
severity of injury occur. Performed by administering
first aid, namely :
.Provide ample airway (airway).
.Giving breath / artificial breathing (Breathing)
.Stopping bleeding (circulations).

c. Tertiary prevention
Tertiary prevention aims to reduce the
occurrence of complications
heavier.
Physical Rehabilitation
Psychological Rehabilitation
Social Rehabilitation