Biology Revision

Starter: What do each of these things

do?

White blood cells

Antibodies
Pathogen
Antigen molecules
Antibiotics

White blood
cells

are found on the surface of

pathogens. They allow white
blood cells to detect if they
are foreign to the body.

Antibodies

produce antibodies

Pathogen

kill pathogens

Antigen
molecules

are medicines (drugs) which

kill bacteria but not viruses.

Antibiotics

are infectious
micororganisms. They can be
bacteria or viruses.

 White blood cells produce antibodies.

Antibodies kill pathogens.
Pathogens are infectious micororganisms.
They can be bacteria or viruses.
Antigen molecules are found on the
surface of pathogens. They allow white blood
cells to detect if they are foreign to the body.
Antibiotics are medicines (drugs) which kill
bacteria but not viruses.

Year 9 test next week!

Write this in your planners:
Revise Biology, Chemistry and
Physics ready for year 9 test next
Monday (29/06/15).

Topics to revise
Biology

We will revise this in Mondays lesson

Diet and exercise

Pathogens and Antigens
White blood cells and Antibodies
Vaccination

Physics

We will revise this in Thursdays lesson

Conduction, convection and radiation

Particles

Chemistry Atoms
Ions

We will revise this in Fridays lesson

Bacteria and viruses

1. What is the difference between a
bacteria and a virus?
2. How do they each make you feel ill?

Bacteria
This is a pin
with bacteria
growing on it.

Structure of bacteria

Bacteria produce toxins. These are the

poisons that make you feel ill

Viruses these are much

smaller

Virus invade body cells and then hijack the

cells DNA to reproduce. This can cause
massive cell damage.

Virus proteins are

synthesised inside the cell.

Immunity and vaccination

If you have a disease are you likely to
have it again?
Explain.

 If you have a disease are you likely to have

it again?
Explain.
No. The white blood cells remember
the pathogen. If you get infected a
second time your immune system is
already prepared for the pathogen and
can quickly make enough antibodies to
kill the infection before any symptoms
are felt, giving immunity to this
pathogen.

Vaccination
1. What is vaccination ?
2. Name some diseases which we can be
vaccinated against.

Activity :
Can you sort out the statements to give
the sequence of how a vaccine can give
immunity to a disease.

Vaccination
1. What is vaccination ?
. A vaccine is given which contains dead or
inactivated pathogens. This is given by injection
or by mouth. This stimulates antibody production.
2. Name some diseases which we can be vaccinated
against?

polio, measles, Rubella/German measles, Mumps,

Tetanus, whooping cough, Tuberculosis,
Diptheria.

Write in order to give correct sequence of

how a vaccine can give immunity to a disease.
White blood cells will engulf and digest antigens
Injection of vaccine into blood
White blood cells (Lymphocytes) produces antibodies
to bind with invading antigen
Dead or inactive pathogen(vaccine prepared)
The lymphocytes will remain and remember in the
blood giving immunity to this pathogen (memory
cells)

Sequence of how a vaccine can

give immunity to a disease.
Dead or inactive pathogen (Vaccine prepared)
Injection of vaccine into the blood
White blood cells (Lymphocytes) produces antibodies
to bind to invading antigen
White blood cells will engulf and digest antigens
The lymphocytes will remain and remember in the
blood giving immunity to this pathogen (memory
cells)

What is an advantage of vaccinating a

wide number of people in a
population?

What is an advantage of vaccinating a

wide number of people in a
population?
It reduces the ability of the
disease to spread and prevents a
pandemic.

Plenary Quiz. (Answers at the

end)

1. What is a pathogen?
Disease
A disease-causing microorganism
A type of disease.

 2. Which of these is one of

the main
problems with bacteria?
They are killed by antibiotics.
They produce toxins.
They cause measles and mumps in
young children.

 3. What is one of the

functions of white
blood
cells?
To carry oxygen in the bloodstream
To produce antigens that destroys
pathogens
To ingest and destroy pathogens

 4. What is going into the

body in a
vaccination?
Antibiotics against a disease.
Dead or weakened pathogen
Live pathogen to stimulate the
immune system.

 Answers:
1. A disease-causing
microorganism
2. They produce toxins.
3. To ingest and destroy
pathogens
4. Dead or weakened pathogen