AHII Unit I -- Style/Artist slides for

Review

This group of slides includes student slides

from both PRC & SCC classes so that more
styles are represented. Images have been
compressed for uniformity and ease of
opening; good for computer study, but may
not print well.

Remember, you also have StudyMate

exercises and Review Slides in the Learning
Module.

Bring to Test: # 2 pencil and Scantron

 Early Northern Renaissance – 1400s

The Metropolitan Museum of Art. The

Cloisters, New York Purchase. 1956 (56.70) ©
1996Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Musee Conde,
Chantilly, France. ©
Art Resource, New
Painting: manuscripts to panels, oils on wood, printing
York

press - engraving (Germany)

Sculpture: painted stone or wood
Characteristics: Realistic details-Careful observation-real
world as “models”, humanization of figures- expressive
Subjects: Religious narrative & secular- genre, portraits,
iconography
Renaissance in the North -
1400s
Jan Van Eyck -
Flanders
Perfected oils glazes
Light/shadow/texture, realistic rendering
Most NorRen artists: ¾ portraits, “scenes
outside windows”, atmospheric
perspective, lots of details “crowded”
compositions except portraits.
 High Renaissance-Italy 1495-
1520

Da Vinci – The Last Supper

Raphael – Philosophy (School of Athens)

Da Vinci – The Fetus

Michelango-David

Technical/Aesthetic Mastery
Artist-Genius: Da Vinci, Michelangelo,
Raphael
Oil-Wood, fresco, carved marble, cen.
plan
Realism, pyramidal, chiaroscuro
Sketching-less expensive paper, Appl.
sciences-art Raphael – Baldassare Castiglione

Religious scenes, portrait, greco-roman

 High Ren. Italy
Raffaello
Light tones/blue skies, pyramid Santi
comp., clarity, union of math &
pictorial science
Typical style, less chiaroscuro
Infl. by Perugino, Da Vinci,
Brunelleshi arcades, roman 1483-1520 Umbria
Raphael 1483-
architecture. 1520

Julius II-Warrior Pope, Pope Leo X,

Agostino Chigi

Marriage of the Virgin

Galatea, Villa Farnesina

Philosophy-School of Athens

Madonna with Child

 Ear l y Renaissance
Sculptur e Donatello
Contrapposto

•Incorporated Greco-Roman Principles

•Depicted Motion through Weight-Shift
•Painterly Approach to Relief Sculpture:
Atmospheric Effect w/ Incised Lines
• Mathmatically Rationalized Perspective
Space
•1st Renaissance Freestanding Nude Male
•Portraiture Revival in Equestrian Statues

How Deep is this Relief? Linear Perspective

 Ear l y Renaissance
Sculptur e Ital y 1400’s
•Medici Family
•Humanism – Strong Classical References
•Competition for Baptistery Doors
•Patronage: Civic Duty and Self Promotion
•Artist Self Fulfillment
•Revival of Greco-Roman Mythological
Themes
•Separation of Sculpture from Architectural
Nanni Di Banco
Setting

VS.

Brunelleschi
**Ghiberti**
Narrative
Realism
 Early Renaissance in Italy –
1400s

•Linear perspective leads to

space and depth
• Better understanding of the
human body
• Reliefs are “painterly”
Sculpture - Donatello - ca. 1386-
1486

• Greco-Roman principles for statues

• Contraposto; “normal” stance;
naturalistic
• Linear perspective in reliefs
 HIGH RENAISSANCE IN
ITALY c.1495‑1520

Painting: Fresco, Tempera on panel , oil on canvas, Sfumato,

and contrapposto
Realistic, Chiaroscuro , linear perspective
Subjects: Humanism , Classical Mythology ,Allegorical and
Religious
 HIGH RENAISSANCE
Raffaello Sanzio (1483-1520)

Perfection and grace in painting

Renaissance Style
Fresco and oil
Soft figures and rich colors
Art History: High Renaissance
•Humanism
•Blending of
classical
themes and
mythology
into religious
themes •Idealistic form
•Grandiose •Psychologically
scale charged
•Use of •The concept of the universal •Proportions
classical man changed to suit
elements in the artist
new ways •Use of
fresco
•Oil on
canvas

•Chiaroscur
o, sfumato
Art History: Michelangelo 1475-156
Venetian Renaissance Architecture 1500-
1600s
Villas
Venice under attack
San Giorgio
Maggiore
Andrea Palladio

Lots of classical
influences!
Roman temple
facades
Combined
basilica plan with
classical facade
 Andrea Palladio
Venetian Renaissance Architecture

Villa Rotonda
Central plan
Four porches for four views
Influenced by Pantheon

Studied ancient literature and traveled to

Rome
Author of The Four Books of Architecture
Palladian style very popular later in Europe
and colonial America
Venetian Renaissance - 1500s
Andrea Palladio (1508-1580)
Wrote I quattro libri dell’architettura
(The Four Books of Architecture).

•Classical Style (Roman Antiquity, Vitruvius)

•Central Plan, symmetrical wings, columned
porch/façade, pediment, Ionic order, interior
harmony and balance = "Palladian style”
•Works: San Giorgio Maggiore, Villa Rotunda
 Venetian Renaissance – 1500s

emotions - color - light

Painting: Oils on canvas (Titian).

Architecture: Classical style - Villas (Palladio).
Style: Art is poetic (poesia), focus on color,
and paint application (colorito).
No strong outlines - soft forms & landscapes.
Express light through color.
Subjects: Religious, pastoral (rural), & “Venus” scenes.
Venetian Renaissance
• Oil on canvas

• Pastoral landscapes, the

provocative woman, and the
dramatic portrait

• Evocative use of color, soft

colored light

•Mythological narratives, classical

and biblical themes

•Poetry
 Titian
•Emphasis in color,
spectacle
and flesh

• Imagery of marriage,
beauty and love

• Finished several of
Bellini’s
and Giorgione's paintings

•Strong diagonal

•Movement
 Venetian Renaissance 1500-1600
Painting
tempera-oil paintings
soft-colored
oil on canvas
poetic
Bellini, Giorgione, Titian

San Zaccaria The tempest pastoral symphony

Architecture
sandstone
classical architecture
(harmonious symmetry)
Palladio

Il Redentore
San Giorgio Maggiore
 religious
Titian-Paintings
Vibrant colors
Capturing of light

Assumption of Isabella d'Este

Pesoro Modonna Venus of Urbino
the virgin

erotic mythological

Venus with mirror

Meeting of Bacchus and Ariadne
Mannerism(Italy): c. 1520-
1600
Painting: oil on wood;
ambiguous, distortion,
imbalanced, emotion/bizarre
themes, clever, perspective,
elongated limbs
Sculpture: marble/bronze;
nudity, unobtainable poses
Architecture: unconventional,
eccentric,
Content: Biblical, symbolic,
mythology
 Parmigianino
(Painter)
•Elongation, ambiguous use of
space, emotion, natural/realism,
elegance; oil on wood
•Symbolism, religious themes
•Etching, chiaroscuro woodcuts;
influenced Italian printmaking
•Influenced by Correggio (student
of), Raphael and Michelangelo
 Holy Roman Empire 1500-1600

•Oil on wood paintings; German Landscapes;

Engraving and Woodcuts
•Realism and Humanism (return to classical
styles)
•Influenced by The Church and Alchemy
•Prints made art affordable for all; good
teaching tools
•Mathematical Proportions
 HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE
Albrecht Dürer
1471-1528

•Applied the Vitruvian Theory of

Human proportion
• More well known for woodblocks and
engravings
• Wrote Theories on Geometry,
Fortification & Human Proportion
• Brought ideas from Leonardo and
other southern artists to the north
 Holy Roman Empire - Early 1500’s

Painting: oil on wood, tempura

on linen, watercolor
Engraving, woodcut, etchings
Biblical – altarpieces
 Albrecht Dürer

-Influenced by
Italian Renaissance
-Ideal human
proportions
-naturalism
-immense texture
and tonal values
 Age of
Reformation:
The
Netherlands
What to
look for:
-scenes of
daily life
-portraits of
middle class
people
-subtle
religious
references
Pieter Bruegel the Elder

-Beautiful landscapes but

the focus remains on
people
-shows peasants just as
often as nobility
-works morals and stories
into the paintings
 Northern Rensassaince:1500-1600
Refers to art outside of Italy,
mainly in Northern Europe and
Spain.

Usage of Oils, both on wood and

canvas.

Engravings and woodcut are also

used.

Paintings are influenced by the

Church, political entities, and
social status. Garden of Earthly Delights, 1505-1510. Oil on Wood. Francis I, ca. 1525-1530. Tempera
Hieronymus Bosch and Oil on wood. Jean Clouet
Paintings often detail the elegant
garb and clothes of the day.
Chateau de Chambord,
Chambord France. Begun 1519.
Landscapes are beginning to be
The Hunters in The Snow (1565) Built for King Francis I.
painted as primary focus of
artwork, not just as back drops.

Architecture is influenced
heavily by the Gothic time
period, but also have an Italian
influence.
 Pieter Bruegel The
Elder (1525-1569) The Land of Cockaigne (1567)

Northern Renaissance

Flemish Painter

Master of Landscapes
The Tower of Babel (1563)
Painted with Oil

Inspired by Bosch

Often Called “Peasant Bruegel”

Landscape with the Fall of Icarus (1558)
Found inspiration in Nature

Human activity remained the dominant

theme in his works.

Accepted as master of Antwerp painters’ Netherlandish Proverbs (1559)

guild in 1551

Apprentice to Pieter Coecke van Aelst

The Hunters in The Snow (1565)

Netherlands – 1400’s to 1500’s

Paintings- oils on wood, oils

on canvas, oils on panel

Other types- engraving,

etching

Subjects- religious,
landscapes, portraits ,
everyday life,

Style- iconography, realism

Compositions- space, light,

color, linear perspective,
Bruegel the Elder
Paintings- oil on wood, oil
on canvas, etchings and
engravings, oil on panel

Compositions-, light,
space,, balance, depth, line
and shape

Style- iconography,
realism, imagery

Subjects- nature,
interrelationships of human
behavior, portraits,
religious themes