Group

APPRENTICE / CADET ENGINEER BATCH 27

Contreras
Inocencio
San jose

CHEMICAL
SAFETY
H2S

BENZENE

MSDS

CHEMICAL
SAFETY

Reduce the probability of an accident.

Exposure to a negligible level

Reduce the potential consequences

IMPORTANCE OF

Identif
y
Hazar
ds

Contr
ol
Expos
ure

Chemi
cals
Asses
s
Risks

RISK ASSESSMENT

 Determine hazardous
substances
Assess the risks to
employees
Prevent or control exposure
Accident and Emergency
EMPLOYEES
plan of action
Provide information, training
and consultation
Health surveillance

Cooperate
Use of control measures
Report any defects
EMPLOYERS
Report
any accident or
incident

NHALATION CONTACT WIT

SKIN OR EYE

INGESTION

INJECTION

HOW CHEMICALS

EYES,
LIVER
EFFECTS
NOSE,
DAMAGE
ON THE
EFFECT
ON
Exposure
to vinyl
chloride.
AND
LUNG
SKIN
BLOOD
THROAT
AND
BRAIN
OR
Exposure
Allergic
contact
to
acid
dermatitis
mists
and
due
to
IRRITATION
BONE
MARROW
NERVOUS
Lung
nickel,
damage
latex,
chromate
dueacid
to asbestos
(found
in
Exposure
Exposure
to
benzene
to
in
mists
petrol
SYSTEM
(lung cancer),
some
cements).
welding
Irritantfume
contact
fumes
and
vapours,
(anaemia
and
welding
Exposure
to
pesticides,
mercury,
(chronic
dermatitis
obstructive
because
of
pulmonary
solvents,
fumes
leukaemia).
or
diesel
lead,
solvents,
carbon
monoxide
disease),
detergents,
irritant
oils,
lubricants..
induced
exhaust.
gas.
asthma, allergic asthma.

LPG
PROPYLENE

DIESEL

KEROSENE

GASOLINE

HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS IN THE

REFINERY

 Can cause fire or worse explosion.

Leaks can be detected by a characteristic smell.
Brushing soapy water over suspect area or valves and looking
for bubbles
Condensation of frost around the area of leak

lpg

Highly flammable liquid or vapour

Can float on water and spread fire
Fire extinguisher type: CO2, dry chemical powder
Eliminate all sources of ignition.

gasoline

Combustible liquid
Contact can irritate skin and eyes
Inhaling kerosene can irritate throat causing coughing
Can damage kidneys

kerosene

 Contains small amount of benzene.

Fuel splashed on skin quickly and directly absorbed through
skin an can get into the bloodstream
Breathing diesel vapors for long periods can cause kidney
damage and reduce clotting ability of blood.
Nitrile or Viton material gloves is the most effective

diesel

Highly flammable
Asphyxiant
Non-irritating on skin and eyes on gaseous state
Adequate ventilation is required and ignition source should be
eliminated.

propylene

flammability
Health Hazard
"NFPA 704: Standard System for the Identification of the
Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response or Fire
Diamond is a standard maintained by the U.S.-based National
Fire Protection Association. It is used to quickly and easily
identify the risks posed by hazardous materials.

hemical reactivit
special
FIRE DIAMOND
Hazard

0
1
2
3
4

Materials that will not burn under typical fire conditions, including intrinsically noncombustible materials such as concrete, stone and sand.
Materials that require considerable preheating, under all ambient temperature conditions,
before ignition and combustion can occur (e.g. mineral oil).
Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition
can occur (e.g. diesel fuel) and multiple finely divided suspended solids that do not require
heating before ignition can occur.
Liquids and solids (including finely divided suspended solids) that can be ignited under
almost all ambient temperature conditions (e.g. gasoline, acetone).
Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is
readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Includes pyrophoric substances.

0
1
2
3
4

Poses no health hazard

Exposure would cause irritation with only minor residual injury

Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or
possible residual injury

Short exposure could cause serious temporary or moderate residual injury

Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury

0
1
2
3
4

Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water

Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures

Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently
with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water

Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source,

must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will
detonate if severely shocked
Readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition at normal temperatures and
pressures

OX
W
SA
CO
BIO
POI

Oxidizer, allows chemicals to burn without an air supply

Reacts with water in an unusual or dangerous manner

Simple asphyxiant gas. Specifically limited to the following gases: nitrogen, helium, neon,
argon, krypton and xenon.

Corrosive; strong acid or base

Biological hazard

Poisonous

Hazard communication standard

pictograms

benzene

Benzene is an important organic chemical

compound with the chemical
formula C6H6.

Its molecule is composed of 6 carbon

atoms joined in a ring, with 1 hydrogen
atom attached to each carbon atom.

 The
Benzene
word is"benzene"
a clear color
derives
to light
historically
yellow, highly
from "gum
flammable
benzoin"
Benzene is used primarily as a solvent in the chemical and
hydrocarbon
(benzoin
Sweetresin),
Odor
liquid
an with
aromatic
a sweet
resin
odor.
known to European pharmacists
pharmaceutical industries and as an additive in gasoline.
andEvaporates
Benzene
perfumers
is since
aQuickly
naturally
the(Volatile)
15th
occurring
centurycompound
as a product of southeast
Benzene is a natural constituent of crude oil, and is one of the
Asia.
A colorlessEasily
Dissolves
volatile
In liquid
Waterhydrocarbon present in coal tar and
most elementary petrochemicals.
Colorless
petroleum,Liquid
used in chemical synthesis

To provide employees with the knowledge to

recognize a benzene exposure hazard and the
appropriate control measures in areas where there
are materials that contain benzene.

goal

 Benzene is a liquefied or gaseous chemical with the

formula C6H6.
A regulated area is any area where airborne
concentrations of benzene exceed permissible
exposure limits (PEL).
An authorized person is any person specifically
authorized by the employer whose duties require the
person to enter a regulated area where benzene may
be present.

Benzene term

 Employee exposure is the exposure to airborne

benzene which would occur if the employee were not
using respiratory protective equipment.
Action level is an airborne concentration of benzene
of 0.5 ppm calculated as an 8 hr. time-weighted
average (TWA).
Site specific requirements for exposure limits and
action levels may be more stringent at some
locations.

Exposure term

Production and transfer operations employees

Camp maintenance and custodial staff
Tank and pipeline cleaners
Electricians, plumbers, and HVAC technicians

Workers who may be at risk

 Drowsiness
SKIN
Causes
Dizziness
and headaches
moderate
to severe irritation. Symptoms include pain,
redness,
Skin irritation
and dermatitis
and swelling.
Nausea and a feeling of intoxication
Vertigo and delirium
EYES
Convulsions and loss of consciousness
Causes
to severe
irritation. Symptoms
Deathmoderate
may occur
at concentrations
equal to orinclude
greatersore,
thanred
eyes,
tearing. The vapour also irritates the eyes.
10,000and
ppm.

Acute health effects

Short Term Exposure Limit

(STEL)
Benzene
Detection
Permissible Exposure Limit
is 5.0 ppm for any 15 minute
(PEL)
period by
during
the (34119
day with 60

Sometimes
benzene
can
be
detected
its
odor
is 1.0 ppm for an 8 hour day and
minutes between exposures and
ppm)
but
it
is
not
a
reliable
indicator.
0.67 for a 12 hour day
no more
exposures in an 8
Measurements should be obtained
by than
using4benzene
hour day.
detecting badges, charcoal tubes, and gas chromatographs.

Engineering Controls

Personal enclosure
Control of process conditions
Mechanical ventilation (dilution and exhaust)
Remote or automated operation
Leak detection and repair systems

Administrative Controls
MSDS
Signs and properly labelled containers
Periodic monitoring and notification of employees
about exposure levels
Limiting exposure to the chemical
Following company rules, policies and training

First Aid
Call for help.
If eyes or skin are exposed, immediately flush
with large amounts of water for 15 minutes.
Clothing should be changed if it becomes
benzene saturated.
If the victim has inhaled benzene and is not
breathing, a qualified person should give CPR.
In all cases, get medical attention.

 Signs shall be posted at the entrance to regulated areas

Benzene containers shall be properly labelled

Signs and labels

Respiratory
Eye / Skin Protection:
Protection
Chemical safety goggles
Air purifying
Face
shield half mask to 6.7 ppm
Air purifying
Nitrile
glovesfull
forface
crude
mask
oil &toviton
33 ppm
for NGLs
SCBA orprotective
Aprons,
supplied air
clothing
w/escape
and pack
footwear
above 33 ppm

Personal protective equipment

h 2s

It is a colorless gas
Characteristic
foul odor of
rotten eggs
Boiling point:
-60.7C
Heavier
than air
Melting
point:
-85.5C
Soluble
in water,
oil, and34.08
most organic
Atomic
mass:
g/mol liquid
Very poisonous,
and
Density: corrosive,
1.393 flammable,
g/L
explosive.

 Acidic solutions with H2S may

Flammable
cause skin and eye irritation
Auto-ignition at 259.85C
Compressed H2S gas may cause frostbite
Explosive at high concentrations
upon skin contact
(43000 - 460000 ppm)
Very toxic. May be fatal if inhaled

Exposure
to lower
concentrations
in immediate
eye irritation,
Short-term,
high-level
exposurecan
canresult
induce
Long-term, low-level exposure may result in fatigue, loss of
a collapse,
sore throat
and
cough,
nausea,and
shortness
of breath, and
with
loss
of breathing
a high probability
of
appetite, headaches, irritability, poor memory, and dizziness.
fluid in the lungsdeath.
(pulmonary edema)

10

ppm
Permissive Exposure Limit

Based on 8 hour-day per 5 day work

week.

Exposure limit

15

ppm
Short Term Exposure Limit
15-minute period work.

Exposure limit

SAFETY CONTROLS
AND EQUIPMENT

Flush the eyes with clear running water for 15 minutes

10 ppm- Inflammation & Irritation
50 ppm- Intense
Force
tearing,
your eyelids
blurringopen
of vision,
if necessary
and pain when looking
at light
Seek medical attention

Emergency
procedure
eye

Remove contaminated clothing

Rinse skin thoroughly for at least 15 minutes.

Irritation
Direct liquid or rapidly expanding gases contact can cause
Wash clothes before wearing
frostbites
again.
Seek medical attention

skin

Move person to fresh air

Dizziness, headache, and nausea
Prolonged exposure leads to olfactory fatigue
CPR
Higher concentrations can cause respiratory arrest, coma, or
unconsciousness
Get medical attention

inhalation

Hold breath

Move upwind or crosswind

Wear breathing unit

Proceed to safe assembly area

In case of leak in area

Use water spray (fog), foam or dry chemical

In case of fire

MSDS

What is msds?
It is intended to provide workers and emergency personnel with
procedures for handling or working with that substance in a SAFE
MANNER.

PRODUCT
SECTION
INFORMATION
1-3
SECTION 1 3
PRODUCT INFORMATION
EXPOSURE
SITUATIONS
4SITUATION
-6
SECTION
4 SECTION
6
EXPOSURE
SECTION 7 10
HAZARD PREVENTION &
PERSONAL PROTECTION
HAZARD
SECTION 11 16 PREVENTION
OTHER SPECIFIC AND
SECTION 7 - 10
INFORMATION

PERSONAL PROTECTION

OTHER SECTION
SPECIFIC
11
INFORMATION
16
Msds content

Chemical Product & Company Identification

Product name
Any other names by which this product is known
Manufacturers information
Any emergency telephone numbers

SECTION 1

Composition/Information on Ingredients
Component
Hazard per component

SECTION 2

Hazards Identification

Characteristics/Physical Attributes
Immediate Potential Hazards
Potential Health Effects
Long-term Health Effects

SECTION 3

First-Aide Measures
Familiarize with immediate first-aid procedures for different body
parts
Some injuries may not show symptoms
Written in simple language
In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for
at least 15 minutes. Get medical aid.

SECTION 4

Fire Fighting Measures

Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)

Upper Explosive Limit (UEL)
Flash Point
Autoignition Temp.
Fire fighthing procedure
Extinguishing Media

SECTION 5

Accidental Release Measures

Removing leaks
Prevention of damage
Disposal
Other precautions

SECTION 6

Handling and Storage

Contains precautions for safe handling
Conditions for safe storage,including any
incompatibilities

SECTION 7

Exposure Control & Personal Protection

Engineering controls
Exposure levels to be maintained through monitoring &
engineering controls
Personal Protective Equipment

SECTION 8

Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical State
Physical Appearance
Properties
Gives specific properties to identify a material

SECTION 9

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability
Conditions to avoid
Incompatible materials
Hazardous by-products

SECTION 10

Toxicological Information
Tests conducted to test effects on humans
Findings about carcinogenicity

SECTION 11

Ecological Information
Environmental effects

SECTION 12

Disposal Considerations
Determine specific information on disposal of the material

SECTION 13

Transport Information
Includes transportation and shipping regulations

SECTION 14

Other Regulatory Information

Provides regulatory information at the state, federal and
international levels

SECTION 15

Other Information
Contains additional information not included in the previous
sections

SECTION 16

Material Safety Data Sheets give you accurate & complete

information on the safe handling of potentially hazardous materials..

Designed to help employees work SAFELY & EFFECTIVELY.

Importance of msds

Use
msd
s!

Thank
you for
listening