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L
THOUGHTS /
DOCTRINES
VIS--VIS
EDUCATION
PHILOSOPHICA
L
THOUGHTS /
DOCTRINES
VIS--VIS
EDUCATION
EXISTENTIALISM
Soren
Kierkegaard
A Danish minister and
philosopher.
He is considered to be the
founder of existentialism.
His was a Christian
orientation. Another group
of existentialists, largely
European, believes that we
must recognize the
finiteness of our lives on this
EXISTENTIALISM
Goal Of Develop authentic individuals who exercise
Educati freedom of choice and take responsibility for
on
their actions
Role of
Develop independence, self-discipline, set
Student
challenges and solve problems
s
Role of
Encourage students to philosophize and fulfill
Teacher
personal freedom
s
Teachin
g
Discussion and analysis, examination of
Method
choice-making in own and others lives
s
Subject
MARXISM
Karl Marx
A
germanphilosopher,economist,
sociologist,journalist,
andrevolutionary socialist. Born
inGermany, he later
becamestateless and spent
much of his life inLondonin
theUnited Kingdom. Marx's work
in economics laid the basis for
much of the current
understanding of labour and its
relation to capital, and
subsequent economic thought.[
He published numerous books
during his lifetime, the most
MARXISM
Goal Of
Educati
on
Role of
Student
s
Role of
Teacher
s
Teachin
g
Method
s
Subject
BEHAVIORISM
John B. Watson
An Americanpsychologist who
established thepsychological
schoolofbehaviourism. Watson
promoted a change in psychology
through his addressPsychology as the
Behaviourist Views it, which was
given atColumbia Universityin 1913.
Through his behaviourist approach,
Watson conducted research on animal
behaviour, child rearing, and
advertising. In addition, he conducted
the controversial "Little Albert"
experiment. He was also editor of
Psychological Reviewfrom 1910 to
1915.AReview of General
BEHAVIORISM
Ivan Petrovich
Pavlov
A Russian
physiologistknown
primarily for his work
inclassical conditioning.
From his childhood days
Pavlov demonstrated
intellectual brilliance
along with an unusual
energy which he named
BEHAVIORISM
CLASSICAL
CONDITIONING
BEHAVIORISM
B. F. Skinner
Burrhus Frederic(B.
F.)Skinner(March 20,
1904 August 18, 1990)
was an
Americanpsychologist,beh
aviourist, author, inventor,
andsocial philosopher. He
was the Edgar Pierce
Professor of Psychology
atHarvard Universityfrom
1958 until his retirement in
BEHAVIORISM
OPERANT CONDITIONING
BEHAVIORISM
PUNISHMENT
REINFORCEMENT
(Behavior
(Behavior Increases)
Decreases)
Positive Punishment
Positive Reinforcement
Something is added
Something is added to
to decrease
POSITIVE
increase desired
undesired behavior
(Something behavior
Ex: Give student
Ex: Smile and
is added)
detention for failing
compliment student on
to follow the class
good performance
rules
Negative
Punishment
Negative Reinforcement
Something is
Something is removed
removed to
NEGATIVE to increase desired
decrease undesired
(Something behaviour
BEHAVIORISM
Goal Of
Educati
on
Role of
Student
s
Role of
Teacher
s
Teachin
g
Method
s
Subject
s
COGNITIVISM
Willhelm Wundt
He started the first
psychology laboratory in
1879 in Leipzig, Germany. He
believed in "the
development of introspection
as a means for studying the
mind."(Cognitivism) Though
he was not specifically
involved in the field
ofEducational Psychology,
he began the study of the
mind. Therefore, he is an
important name in the
COGNITIVISM
Jean Piaget
He theorized that there are four
stages of Cognitive
Development.
(1896 - 1980) was employed at
the Binet Institute in the 1920s,
where his job was to develop
French versions of questions on
English intelligence tests. He
became intrigued with the
reasons children gave for their
wrong answers on the questions
that required logical thinking.
He believed that these incorrect
COGNITIVISM
Goal Of
Educati
on
Role of
Student
s
Role of
Teacher
s
Teachin
g
Method
s
Subject
s
PRAGMATISM
John Dewey (1859-1952)
An American philosopher. An
applied pragmatist philosophy in
his progressive approaches. He
believed that learners must adapt
to each other and to their
environment. Schools should
emphasize the subject matter of
social experience. All learning is
dependent on the context of place,
time, and circumstance. Different
cultural and ethnic groups learn to
work cooperatively and contribute
to a democratic society. The
ultimate purpose is the creation of
a new social order. Character
PRAGMATISM
Goal Of
Educati
on
Role of
Student
s
Role of
Teacher
s
Teachin
g
Method
s
Subject
s
ESSENTIALISM
William Bagley
He is anAmericaneducator
andeditor, was born
inDetroit,USA. He
graduated in 1895 from
Michigan State College,
currently calledMichigan
State University;
completedM.S., in 1898,
from theUniversity of
WisconsinMadison, 1898;
and was awardedPh.D.
byCornell University in
1900.
ESSENTIALISM
Goal Of
Educati
on
Role of
Student
s
Role of
Teacher
s
Teachin
g
Method
s
Subject
s
Thank You!
Reported by:
Rhea F. Elquiero