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ODC010002 LDP Principle

ISSUE 1.1

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MPLS LDP protocol is one of important

MPLS signal protocols used to set up
MPLS LSP.

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Learning Guide
RFC 3036
VRP Operation Manual MPLS

chapter

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Upon completion of this course, you will

be able to:
Understand MPLS LDP Principle
Understand LDP Working Process

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Chapter 1 LDP Basic Principle

Chapter 2 LDP Protocol Features

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Basic Concepts of LDP

LDP is a MPLS control and signal protocol
Main functions:

Release Label-FEC mapping

Create and maintain label switching path
LDP serves to distribute and maintain label mapping messages

between peers in form of message

LDP uses the TCP transmission service

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LDP Messages
20

General
Format

IP

18

10

TCP

LDP Header

octets

LDP Message

Well-known port 646

Some message types use UDP for multicast

LDP
Header

Version PDU Length

LDP
Message
Address
Address withdraw
Hello
Initialization
KeepAlive
Label Mapping

octets

LDP Identifier
Router ID (IP address)
and Label Space ID

Currently
1

Excludes length
and version

Length

ID

Type

Excludes Type
and Length

octets

Parameters
Sequence
number

Mandatory
and optional

Label Request
Label Abort Request
Label Withdraw
Label Release
Notification

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LDP Message Types

Discovery message: Used to discover LDP adjacencies in the

network
Session message: Used to set up, maintain and terminate a

session between LDP peers

Distribution message: Used to create, change and delete label

mappings related to FEC

Notification message: Used to provide recommendation or error

notification information

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Detailed LDP Message

Message Type
Notification
Hello

Description
Reports an error condition
LDP keep-alive, sent periodically based on hold timer

Initialization

Sets up an LDP session and negotiate parameters

KeepAlive

Monitors Integrity of TCP connection supporting a session

Address

Advertises a list of interface addresses

Address Withdraw

Undoes the address message

Label Mapping

Advertises FEC / Label bindings to neighbors

Label Request

Requests a label binding for a given FEC

Label Abort Request Aborts an outstanding label request message

Label Withdraw

Deletes FEC / Label binding when FEC no longer supported

Label Release

Deletes FEC / Label binding due to route change

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LDP Message Switching

UDP-Hello
Discovery stage
UDP-Hello
TCP connection establishment
Session creation
and maintenance
Session initialization
Label request
LSP creation and
maintenance

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FEC

Label
Label mapping

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Chapter 1 LDP Basic Principle

Chapter 2 LDP Protocol Features

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LDP Supported Features

LDP is an important MPLS signal protocol.

Modes
Distribution: Downstream Unsolicited / Downstream On-demand.
Control: Ordered / Independent
Label Retention: Liberal / Conservative
Optional features
Loop detection
TCP Message Digest 5 signature option
...

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LDP Supported Features (cont.)

LDP Discovery (Hello message) with support for basic (link)

and extended (targeted) discovery.

LDP Error Handling with support for Notification message and

Status TLV
LDP Session Establishment and Maintenance with support for

Initialization, Address, and Address Withdraw messages

Support for LDP vendor-private and experimental features

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Remote LDP
In general, LDP neighbor should be established between

directed links.
In some case, we require to set up remote LDP neighbor

relationship for:
MPLS L2 VPN (Martini mode)
LDP over MPLS TE
.
Remote LDP

R1

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LDP and TDPOverview

Functionally, TDP is a subset of LDP
TDP is Cisco private protocol

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Summary

LDP message type:

Discovery message
Session message
Distribution message
Notification message
LDP important features

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Thank You
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