RFID BASED SUPERMARKET QUEUE

PREVENTION AND AUTOMATION

SYSTEM FOR physically challenged
people

Guided By,
Nagrathna
Asst prof
CSE Dept
P.E.S.C.E

Submitted by,
Parvathi s j -4PS13SCE11
CSE Dept
Mtech (CE)
P.E.S.C.E

Contents
Introduction
Objectives
Existing System
Drawbacks of Existing System
Proposed System
Advantages of proposed system
Software and hardware Requirement Specification
Working of the system

Introduction

The commercial use of RFID has been growing rapidly all over the
world
Everywhere retailers are increasingly embedding RFID technology
into their supermarket products in order to improve the customers
shopping experience, customer support and develop new services
for customers
RFID is a technology that uses radio waves to track, capture,
identify and transfer data efficiently and without human intervention
Item level development of RFID technology would also allow for
quick checkout aisles that scan all products at once and thus
eliminates queues which are negative aspect of supermarket
shopping

Objectives

The main objectives is to provide an automated and time saving system for the
world of retail

The designed smart cart is capable of generating a bill from the cart itself.

Providing flexible and customer friendly shopping experience.

Providing security mechanism for theft control.

Design cart which eliminates the effort of self packaging, make the best use of cart
storage space.

Existing System
The technology currently used in checkout
counters are barcodes:

Developed in 1970s

Stores that own a barcode reader can process

barcodes and imprint it on the products.

Most important factor involved barcode

scanning is product should be in line of
sight(LOS)of the reader in order to get the
barcode imprinted on the product scanned

Drawbacks of Existing System

Barcode scanners need a direct line of sight to the barcode to be able to

read
In order to read barcodes the scanner needs to be quite closer
Barcodes have no read or write capabilities ; they do not contain any
information such as expiry date etc.
They are very labour intensive
Barcode have less security than RFID
Barcodes are more easily damaged
Waiting in a line to get your items scanned for checkout.

Proposed System
RFID technology offers a solution to the above mentioned
problem
Hear the design of smart cart uses RFID technology for
shopping and payment
And we uses microcontroller for peripheral interfacing
and inventory management.
RFID-based system gathers data about a certain object
without touching it or seeing it and forwards the
information to a host computer.
The data on the tag include a pointer to the central
database within an RFID system
RFID-Readers are able to establish a channel of
communication, read the tags and trace the movement of
these objects within the coverage area.

Requirement Specification
Software Requirements:
For computer interface

: C# .Net

For microcontroller programming language : embedded C

For compiler design
Flash programmer

:microC
:pickit2

Hardware Requirements:
Microcontroller
LCD
RF card reader
RF tran receiver
RF module

System architecture

Working of the system

EEPROM1
EEPROM1
EEPROM2
EEPROM2

Shopping mobile cart is equipped with a RFID reader, a RFID antenna and an embedded
computer system.

A LCD touch screen is mounted at the front of the cart and acts as a user interface console that
facilitates and monitors customer operations.

When a product is dropped into the cart, the carts RFID reader
will be able to identify the profile of each product via its RFID and display product information on a LCD
touch screen. It will carry data on items in the cart with their prices.

At the check-out point, shopping cart system

transmits the list of products and total cost to the cashier using wireless technology.

The carts mobile agent communicates with the back-end RFID application via the wireless supermarket
network.

The cart has two RFID devices: a product tag reader for items in the cart and a cart tag.

Whenever the customer is located near the final check-out point, RFID reader that is close to that area
would read the data of the cart, launch a mobile agent to the back-end system and return back with a list
price of those items. The returned list is then compared with one generated by the cart mobile agent

System design

HARDWARE DESIGN
U6 RF module
U5 Tag reader
U4 &U3 signal
converter
U 1 microcontroller
U2 power supply

HARDWARE DESIGN MAINLY INCLUDE

1 MICROCONTROLLER: Here we use PIC18F46K22. which is a
family of Harvard architecture abbreviation of PIC is peripheral
interface microcontroller
2 CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR: Oscillator ensures the harmonic and
synchronous operation of all circuit with in a microcontroller It is basically
used for frequency stabilization
3 POWER SUPPLY: Power supply is an electronic device that supplies
electrical energy to an electrical load
4 LCD: LCD displays the information that is product name cost etc
LCD
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16

VC
C

8bit data bus of LCD to

MCU port
Control pins of lcd to MCU port
pins

RFID TAGS : Tags are of two types: Passive RFID tags for products-Passive RFID tags are
attached to the products and are scanned by the reader attached to the cart.
RFID READER : RFID reader consists of an RF module that acts as a transmitter and
receiver of radio frequency signal. RFID data can be read through the human body, clothing
and non-metallic material
RF Module :
1) Tran receiver module

Work flow of the system

NO

yes

STEPS IN WORK FLOW

Step1: Start
Step2: Initialize System
Step3: Search for RFID
Step4: Check RFID tag
Step5: Read related data from memory
Step6: Display data on LCD
Step7: Add item cost as items are added
Step8: When upload key is pressed send data to the counter
Step9: Print the Bill
Step10: Stop

Addition of Products to the stock and product are registered

Product Registration form

Addition of product to the cart

Billing Section
Cart connected to the
server

Customer finished
shopping and pressed stop
button
Authentication and transfer of data
take place

YES
Debit the amount

Billed
amount is
correct or
not
NO

Cart unlocks

Thank you for

shopping

Refer to the billing counter

Cart unlock mechanism

Customer finished shopping
Customers pressed stop
button
Information is send to server
Based on verification server
press ok button
Signal goes to microcontroller
Motor driver
Dc generated motor
Cart unlocks

implementation

Code Snippet
// initialization of all variables ,flags ,files ,libraries is done
sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISA2_bit;
sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISA1_bit;
sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISA0_bit;
.
..
// function for inturrupt
void interrupt () {
if (PIR1.RC1IF==1) {
txt = UART1_Read();
if(l<=10)card[l]=txt;
else flag=1;
l++;
}
.

}
}

void add(){
for(k=1;k<=pr1count;k++)
{
UART1_Write_Text("1,");
}
for(k=1;k<=pr2count;k++)
{
UART1_Write_Text("2,");
}
for(k=1;k<=pr3count;k++)
{
UART1_Write_Text("3,");
}
for(k=1;k<=pr4count;k++)
{
UART1_Write_Text("4,");
}
for(k=1;k<=pr5count;k++)
{
UART1_Write_Text("5,");
}
for(k=1;k<=pr6count;k++)
{
UART1_Write_Text("6,");
}
return;
}

void motor_move()
{
for(k=0;k<30;k++)
{
PORTC.F1 = 1;
Delay_us(1500);
PORTC.F1 = 0;
Delay_ms(5);
}
Delay_ms(2000);
for(k=0;k<30;k++)
{
PORTC.F1 = 1;
Delay_us(1000);
PORTC.F1 = 0;
Delay_ms(5);
}
Delay_ms(1000);
}
void reset()
{
asm CLRF PCLATH ;
asm GOTO 0x00;
}

void main()
{
ANSELD = 0;
ANSELC = 0;
ANSELA = 0;
TRISB.F0=1;
TRISC.F1=0;
Lcd_Init();
INTCON.GIE = 1;
INTCON.PEIE = 1;
PIE1.RC1IE = 1;
PIE3.RC2IE = 1;
//RCON.IPEN=1;
UART1_Init(9600);
UART2_Init(9600);
Delay_ms(300);
update=1;
flag=0;
flag1=0;
motor=0;
Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF);
lcd_cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);
lcd_cmd(131);
lcd_out_cp("Smart RFID");
lcd_cmd(193);
lcd_out_cp("Technology For");
lcd_cmd(146);
lcd_out_cp("Billing And");
lcd_cmd(212);
lcd_out_cp("Shopping");

for(k=0;k<30;k++)
{
PORTC.F1 = 1;
Delay_us(1000);
PORTC.F1 = 0;
Delay_ms(5);
}
Delay_ms(1000);
while(1)
{
if(flag==1||flag1==1)
{
for(k=1;k<=ttl_item;k++)
{
split(items,str,",",k);
split(item_cost,cstr,",",k);
cmp=strcmp(str,card);
if(cmp==0)break;
}
if(cmp==0)
{
cs="";
pr="";
pr=str;
cs=cstr;
temp_amt=atof(cs);

if(flag==1)
{
in_item++;
motor=1;
flag=0;
ttl_amt=ttl_amt+temp_amt;
if(k==1)pr1count++;
else if(k==2)pr2count++;
else if(k==3)pr3count++;
else if(k==4)pr4count++;
else if(k==5)pr5count++;
else pr6count++;
}
if(flag1==1&&in_item>0)
{
if(k==1&&pr1count>0){pr1count--;ttl_amt=ttl_amt-temp_amt;in_item--;}
else if(k==2&&pr2count>0){pr2count--;ttl_amt=ttl_amt-temp_amt;in_item--;}
else if(k==3&&pr3count>0){pr3count--;ttl_amt=ttl_amt-temp_amt;in_item--;}
else if(k==4&&pr4count>0){pr4count--;ttl_amt=ttl_amt-temp_amt;in_item--;}
else if(k==5&&pr5count>0){pr5count--;ttl_amt=ttl_amt-temp_amt;in_item--;}
else if(k==6&&pr6count>0){pr6count--;ttl_amt=ttl_amt-temp_amt;in_item--;}
}
}
flag1=0;
update=1;
l=0;
}

if(update==1)
{
update=0;
lcd_cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);
lcd_cmd(128);
lcd_out_cp("Prod ");
lcd_out_cp(pr);
lcd_cmd(192);
lcd_out_cp("Price: ");
lcd_out_cp(cs);
lcd_cmd(144);
lcd_out_cp("Qty : ");
inttostr(in_item,temp);
ltrim(temp);
lcd_out_cp(temp);
lcd_cmd(208);
lcd_out_cp("Total: ");
sprintf(ctemp,"%13.2f",ttl_amt);
ltrim(ctemp);
lcd_out_cp(ctemp);
if(motor==1)
{
motor_move();
motor=0;
}
}
if(RB0_bit==1&&in_item>0)
{
lcd_cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);
Lcd_Out(1,1,"Updating bill");
add();
Delay_ms(2000);
reset();
}
}

Testing

Major testing types:

White Box Testing
Black Box Testing
Flow of testing:
Code Testing
Unit Testing
System Testing
Integration Testing
Acceptance Testing
Test cases
SL.No Test Case Name

Automatic billing

Test case
description

Testing

Input
given

Test steps
Excepted
Output

Automatic
Products
Proper billing
billing
are added
should be
update
to the cart
done on
when the
Or product
addition or
product are removed
remove of the
dropped
from the
product to the
into the
cart
cart
cart and

Actual Output

Proper billing is
done on adding
and removing
items to and from
the cart

Test
Statu
s
pass

Cont.
SL.No

2.

Test Case
Name
Automatic
billing

3.

Communicatio
n between
shopping cart
and server

4.

Communicatio
n between
shopping cart
and server

Test case
description
Automatic
billing update
when the
product are
dropped into
the cart and
removed
from the cart
When
complete
button is
pressed by
the user the
billing
information
need to be
send to the
server
When
complete
button is
pressed by
the user the

Input given

Test steps
Excepted Output

Actual Output

Products Proper billing should

are added
be done on
to the cart addition or remove
Or product
of the product to
removed
the cart
from the
cart

Fault occurred
during billing
process

Complete
button is
pressed

Billing information
should be send to
the server

Billing
information is
send to the
server

Complete
button is
pressed

Billing information Error occurred in

should be send to
sending billing
the server
information

Test
Status
fail

Pass

Fail

Cont.

SL.No

Test Case Name

Test case
description

Test steps

Input
given

Test
Status

Excepted Output Actual Output

5.

Identification of the
product

Identifying the Rfid tagged Shopping cart should

item based on the
item
unlock
rfid tag

Cart unlocks

pass

6.

Identification of the
product

Identifying the Item with no Shopping cart should

item based on the
rfid tag
not unlock
rfid tag

Cart doesnt
unlocks

Fail

7.

Displaying the
information of the
product on the LCD

When the rfid Product are

tagged products dropped into
are dropped into
the cart
the cart it should
display the
product details on
LCD

8.

Unlocking of the cart

Unlocking the
cart once the ok
button is pressed
by supervisor

Ok button
pressed by
supervisor

Proper display of
product details

Product details are

displayed correctly
on the LCD

Pass

Cart should unlock

and user collects the
item inside the cart

Cart unlocks and

user collects the
item

Pass

The following test case scenarios were used in the integrated

system testing to prove the working of the developed system.
a) Shopping cart and server communication module
b) Identifying items based on RFID tags and synchronizing with
central database.
c) Automatic billing
d) Display the product name & price.
e) Complete listings of the products along with their price on LCD
display.
f) Update in the central system upon each purchase of a product.
g) Automatic billing update when the products are dropped in the
cart or removed from the cart.
h) Display of total bill on the master pc.
All test cases were successfully tested. The system developed is
user friendly and no special training is required to use the cart.

Advantage of proposed system

Quick and easy payment of bills

Removes the waiting in a line to get the item scanned for checkout.
RFID tags can be read from a greater distance than barcodes
RFID tags dont need to be positioned in line of sight with the scanner
RFID tags can be read at faster rate than barcodes
RFID tags are read/write devices
RFID contains high level of security
RFID tags are more reusable
RFID tags carry large data capabilities such as product maintained ,
shipping history and expiry date.

Conclusion
The payment of bill by standing in long queue is a tiring factor when
people want to purchase commodities from marts.
Though people can pay instantly using electronic money facility, they are
forced to wait in the queue for longer time.
The idea which is proposed using RFID technology will overcome the
problem
It will save time, energy and manpower of Customer, Owner and supplier

Bibliography
Food Marketing Institute , http://www.fmi.org/.
Roussos, G. & Moussouri, T. Consumer perceptions of privacy,
security and trust in ubiquitous commerce
Doukidis, G. & Pramatari, K. Supply Chains of the Future and
Emerging Consumer-Based Electronic
Services
Kourouthanassis, P. & Giaglis, G Shopping in the 21st
Century: Embedding Technology in the Intelligent Cart
Architecture of an Innovative System for the Acquisition of
Products in Grocery Stores Communications of IBIMA.
Savi Technologies. Active and Passive RFID: Two Distinct,
But Complementary, Technologies for Real-Time Supply Chain
Visibility, SAVI Technology.