AW101

(OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND

HEALTH 1)
BY
PN. RUHIYAH NAZIHAH ZAHKAI
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
POLYTECHNIC SULTAN IDRIS SHAH

TOPIC 3 :
OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND HEALTH
MANAGEMENT

COURSE CONTENT
3.1 UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPTS OF
SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGEMENT
3.2 UNDERSTAND THE ESTABLISHMENT
OF SAFETY AND HEALTH
COMMITTEE
3.3 UNDERSTAND THE ROLES OF THE
MANAGEMENT
3.4 UNDERSTAND THE SAFETY
TRAINING
SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

TOPIC 3.1
CONCEPTS OF
SAFETY & HEALTH
MANAGEMENT

Safety and Health Management System

can be defined as the means by which an
organisation controls risk through the
management process.
The BSI define a OH&S management system as part
of the overall management system that facilities the
management of the OH&S risks associated with the
business of the organisation. This includes the
organisational structure, planning activities,
responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and
resources for developing and achieving, reviewing and
maintaining the organisations OH&S policy.
SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Health and safety objectives are a

major part of a management system
and are defined as the goals in
terms of H&S performance that an
organisation sets itself to achieve
and should be quantified wherever
practicable.
OH&S Objectives should be set
annually.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Examples of types of an OH&S objective include:

The introduction of additional features into the

OH&S management system (e.g. permit to work
systems for specific tasks, strategic OH&S safety
training for supervisors etc.)

The improvement of existing features, or the

constancy of their application across the
organisation (e.g. accident reporting, communication
of standard procedures etc.).

The elimination or the reduction in frequency of

particular undesired incidents (e.g. reduce accidents
by 20%, remove all hazardous material etc.)

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

TOPIC 3.2
SAFETY & HEALTH
COMMITTEE

DO WE REALLY
NEED A
SAFETY & HEALTH
COMMITTEE ?

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

YES !
SAFETY

& HEALTH

A great concern to company

A greater concern to the employees

SO

.Employees should share in the

work of ACCIDENT PREVENTION.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

WHY SAFETY & HEALTH

COMMITTEE ESSENTIAL ?
Management

give their best effort to correct

unsafe condition/practices but employees in
a good position to observe the HAZARDS

An important source of help would be

overlooked if employee Safety & Health
committee were not included in the
organisation

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Objectives of OSHA 1994

to secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at

work against risks out of the activities at work;

to protect person at a place of work other than persons

at work against risks out of the activities at work;

to promote an occupational environment for persons at

work which is adapted to their physiological and
psychological needs

to provide the means to be progressively replaced by

a system of regulations and approved industry codes..
to maintain or improve the standards of safety and
health.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

OSHA 1994

Spirit of OSHA 1994

Self Regulation
Workers Cooperation & Consultation
All economic activities except shipping and
armed forces

Guiding principles
Responsibilities for OSH lies with those
WHO CREATE THE RISK and those WHO
WORK WITH THE RISK
Concept of so far as is
REASONABLE/
PRACTICABLE
SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Every employer shall establish a Safety &

Health Committee (SHC) at the place of
work in accordance with this section if : 40 or more persons employed at the
place of work or
The Director General directs the
establishment of such a committee at
the place of work
SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

OBJECTIVES OF SHC
To fulfil the requirement of OSHA 1994
To promote consultation and cooperation

between management and workers in

upgrading safety & health at work
To provide a two-way communication
channel or dissemination of information on
safety & health issues
To enhance interest and motivation of all
groups of management and workers at place
of work in safety & health.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

CHAIRMAN

SECRETARY
MANAGEMENT
REPRESENTATIVES

WORKERS
REPRESENTATIVES

MANAGEMENT
REPRESENTATIVES

WORKERS
REPRESENTATIVES

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

(cont)
Chairman :
Employer or his authorized manager

Secretary :
Safety & Health Officer

Management Representatives:
Manager/Director/Supervisors

Workers Representatives:
From section or process
SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Appointment

Chairman

Employer or Authorised Manager shall

be chairman.

Secretary

Person employed as Safety & Health

Officer
If no SHO, chairman may appoint
another person
or SHC may appoint by ballots ( sulit )
from members.
SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Appointment

Management Representatives :

Appointed by Employer
Min 2 persons ( < 100 employees )
Min 4 persons ( > 100 employees )

Workers Representatives :

Selected by workers
Appointed by employer
Min 2 persons ( < 100 employees )
Min 4 persons ( > 100 employees )

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Appointment

Employees Representatives

Nominated from employees

If number exceeded the vacancies. ballot
If no representatives, employer shall appoint
Shall represent various section of work place
Any vacancy shall be replaced in the same
manner as the previous member.
Do not penalise workers who absent due to
their duties as SHC members

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Removal of Committee member

Fail to attend 3 consecutive meetings
Unsound mind
Bankrupt
No longer employed (employee rep)
Convicted on a charge of:
Fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude
offence under law relating to OSH
Other criminal offence

Incapable to carry duty as member

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Part III ( OSHA

1994 )

Assist in development of Safety & Health rules

and safe system of work
Review the effectiveness of Safety & Health
Programmes
To investigate any safety & health matter
brought to attention of employer.
Review Safety & Health policies and
recommend to employer for revision of such
policies.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

 Assist in development of rules and

systems
Assist in development and review of

safety & health programmes

Perform analysis of incident trends and

statistics
Review and recommend amendments to

safety & health policies.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

 Perform inspections at work place and

recommend preventive and corrective

measures
Perform immediate investigation of

accidents,
near-miss
accident,
dangerous occurrence, occupational
poisoning or occupational diseases
occurred at workplace.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

 Investigates

complaints of unsafe or
unhealthy practices and report to employer
with recommendations for corrective
actions.
Assists
in
the
development
of
promotional and education programmes
Discusses reports and matters from the
safety officer, enforcement officer, etc
Advises the employer on safety and
health matters
SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

INSPECTION OF WORKPLACE

Inspect at least once in every three months

Discuss the observation of the members

during inspection

Record the details of such circumstances in a

report kept for such purpose

Make recommendations to the employer on

the remedial measures to be taken on any
matter.

Record the recommendations in the report

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Investigation into any accident

(According to SHC Regulation)

To inspect the place of work as soon as it is

safe to do so.

SHO shall furnish the chairman

committee with a report of his findings.

Chairman shall as soon as practicable

(ASAP) convene a meeting of the
committee to discuss the report.

If no SHO, employer or authorised manager

shall inform the chairman or the secretary.
SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

of

Investigating an accident

Chairman/secretary shall ASAP after the

committee has inspected the place of work
convene a meeting to investigate into such
incident.

In the meeting, the committee shall discuss

the cause of accident. And make
recommendations to the employer to prevent
the reoccurrence of such incident

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Investigating an accident

SHO or Chairman ( if no SHO ) shall furnish

the employer or his authorised manager
on the recommendations.

Employer or authorised manager shall ASAP

discuss the report or recommendations
with SHO or Chairman.

SHO or Chairman shall record the decision

of the employer or his authorised manager

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Investigating an accident
Employer

or authorised manager shall

direct any person employed to take
such action..

Employer

shall keep a copy of the

report for a minimum period of SEVEN
years.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Formulate own meeting procedures and terms

of references

Frequency of meetings:

Depends on nature of risk at workplace

At least once a month for high risk workplace
Once in three month for other workplaces
More frequent meetings during initial period of formation.

In the event of an accident or any other situations

which calls for immediate attentions, meeting
should be held immediately.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Agenda and minutes :

Early notice in writing and circulation of

agenda attached.

Only matters pertaining to Safety & Health to

be discussed.

Minutes circulated soon, not later than two

weeks after meeting

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Meeting Facilities :
EMPLOYER

SHOULD :

Provide suitable meeting room at the place of

work.

Permit member to attend meeting during

working hours.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Quorum

Half of total number of members

Non member may attend

May invite any person to discuss pertaining to

OSH matters or related to any accident
occurred in the plant.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Safety and Health matters only

Strictly for Safety & Health matters in

workplace .

Minutes

Copy of every meeting shall be furnished to

every member and the employer within TWO
WEEKS after the meeting.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Minutes

Shall be kept at place of work for minimum

period of SEVEN years.

The employer should furnished the DOSH with

a copy of minutes if required.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

TRAINING & INFORMATION

Employer to ensure

Committee members have basic understanding

and knowledge on the function of the committee.

Provide training to the committee member.

Availability of an
information for SHC

adequate

document

Act & Legislation

Code of Practices
Technical Informations
Operational Information etc

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

&

EMPLOYER SHOULD NOT :

Disclose any information which would be

prejudicial to national security.

Disclosure of information which contravene with

any law

Disclose individual matters unless consented to

its disclosure

Provide any information other than for Safety &

Health or welfare at work.

Any information obtained by the employer for

legal matters.
SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

PENALTY
Any person who contravene
any of
the provision of these regulation shall be guilty
of an offence and shall be liable to a fine not
exceeding
FIVE THOUSAND RINGGIT
or imprisonment for a term not exceeding
SIX MONTHS or
to BOTH

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

STRUCTURE OF COMMITEE

Joint
management-worker
workplace

Company may form other committee

supplement work of joint committee such as :

committee

at
to

Management committee to oversee work of joint

committee or subcommittee (permanent or ad-hoc)
Must have clear communication channel between joint
committee and other committee.

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

IN SUMMARY
ENSURING EFFECTIVE COMMITEE

Basic knowledge and interest of members

On going training and education of members

Availability of relevant information to members

Regularity and frequency of meetings

Fast decision making and follow-up action

Wide publicity of committee activities

Recognition of members

Leadership of chairman

Stick to safety and health only

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

TOPIC 3.3
ROLES OF THE
MANAGEMENT

There are a number of strategies that can be used by organizations to ensure

a healthy and safe workplace and ensure compliance with legal requirements.
For Example :

Design

Safe and healthy systems of work

Exhibit

Strong management commitment

Inspect

Workplace for health and safety problems

Establish

Procedures and controls for dealing with health and

safety issues

Develop

Training programs

Set up

Health and safety committees

Monitor

Safety policies

Draw up

Action plan and checklist

SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Policy

This is a statement of the principles governing decisionmaking. They can only be changed by the
Management and are mandatory.

Procedure Describes the functional steps used to implement

policies. Examples are those used by Safety & Health

to promote adherence to management policy and are
mandatory.

Guidelines Describe specific aspects of working to the

requirements of procedures where extended explanation

is required and provided by Safety and Health. They
contain recommended methods and statements with the
objective of achieving certain standards or outcomes.
SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Safety
Handbook
s and
Manuals

These documents can provide both procedural

instructions and guidance on a specific subject. They
are intended to describe a generic approach (e.g.
Contractor Safety Handbook) and may describe
activities which are routinely carried out as part of the
normal functioning of the area (e.g. Laboratory or
Workshop manuals).

This is a summary of the appropriate Safety and Health

Safety
Managem policies, procedures and guidelines which govern all
aspects of task planning. It provides a framework
ent
within which tasks or activities can occur.

Job Safety The area supervisor ensures that all task planning

accords with a Safety Management Plan detailing

applicable Safety and Health Policies, Procedures and
Guidelines (including Handbooks and Manuals).
SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

Enforcement the safety procedure

The action plan must be implemented in a way
that is compatible with professional rules and
practices as well as with existing procedures.
Follow-up the safety management system
The effectiveness of the system implemented
must be checked and follow-up, and if a new risk
or hazard factor is identified there must be a
response. Audits must be systematically
carried out and analysed in order to select
corrective actions.
SAF ETY & H EALT H C O M M ITT E E

TOPIC 3.4
SAFETY & HEALTH
TRAINING

DO WE NEED A
SAFETY & HEALTH
TRAINING ?

!
S
YE

.
.
E
S
R
U
O
C
F
O

**Companies are legally responsible for providing the

safety training mandated for their industry by OSHA. **
SAF ETY & H EALT H T R A I N I N G

WHY SAFETY TRAINING

IMPORTANT ?
Safety training is the key element in the
prevention of work-related injuries, illnesses
and death.
When properly trained on safety
procedures, employees will

understand the importance of workplace safety,

know how prevent an incident in the workplace
by following workplace safety procedures,
learn how to respond quickly if presented with a
dangerous situation.
SAF ETY & H EALT H T RA I N I N G

 Different work environments require

different types and levels of safety training.

For example :
eye safety and heat stress training is pertinent to
construction and other outdoor workers,
first aid training is important for all work
environments.
Other types of safety training courses include
workplace violence, respiratory protection, safety
awareness, electrical safety and etc.
SAF ETY & H EALT H T R A I N I N G

Back Safety
Bloodborne
Pathogens
Construction Safety
Crane Safety
DOT & Trucking
Driving Safety
Electrical Safety
Emergency Planning
EPA
Ergonomics
Eye Safety
Fall Protection
Fire Extinguisher Use
Fire Prevention
First Aid
Food Service Safety
Forklift Safety
Hand & Finger Safety
Hand & Power Tools
HazCom
HazMat

HAZWOPER
Healthcare
Hearing Protection
Heat Stress
Hotels / Hospitality
Housekeeping
Industrial Safety
Kitchen Safety
Laboratory Safety
Ladder Safety
Lead Safety
Lockout / Tagout
Machine Guarding
Maintenance Safety
MSDS
Office Safety
Off The Job Safety
PPE
Recordkeeping
Respiratory Safety
Retail Safety

Safety Awareness
Safety Orientation
Scaffolding Safety
School & School Bus
Safety
Shop Safety
Solid Waste
Specific Chemicals
& Gases
Supervisor Safety
Trenching & Shoring
Utilities & Public
Works
Warehouse Safety
Welding Safety
Workplace Violence
Workzone Safety

SAF ETY & H EALT H T R A I N I N G

Any question..????

Prepared By : ERBZ