Una Aproximacin al Diseo de

Transporte Neumatico en Fase

Diluida

Etapas en el Diseo de Transporte

Neumtico en Fase Diluida
1. Propiedades del Material y del fluido
(densidad, tamao y forma, viscosidad, etc.)
2. Especificar la velocidad deseada de transporte
neumtico
3. Estimar el diametro de la caeria
4. Calcular la saltation velocity
5. Chequear la carga (masa solidos/masa gas)

Si > 10 to 15 Necesita mayor diametro de caeria

Si < 1 Necesita mas pequeo de diametro
2

Etapas Cont
6. Calcular la caida de presin

Puede requerir iteracin

Si es grande puede requerir gradualmente
incrementar el tamao de la caeria
(telescopio)
No permitir que la velocidad caiga debajo
de la saltation velocity

7. Tamao del soplador

3

Components sum to total pressure

drop
Blower

Hopper

Filter

4.
2.

3.

1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Blower, silencer, inlet filter

Acceleration
Horizontal pipe section
Pipe bends
Vertical pipe section

P Pacc Phoriz Pbend Pvert Pfilter

Pblower

5.

Other
Components
Cyclone
Dust collector
Filter
Valves
4

Aceleracin

Gas (outside of blower)

and particles must
accelerate up to
operating velocity

g
Vp
A

Vg

Conveying gas velocity

Gas density
Particle velocity
Pipe cross sectional area
Conveying rate (mass/time)

Solids loading =
Paccel Pa gas Pa solids

gVg2 sVp 2

2 gc
gc

ws

w
s s
wg

Wg g AV g

pV p A

gVg 2 / 2 gc sVpAVp / Agc

Vp
gVg2

gVg / 2 gc(1 2 sVpAVp / gAVgVg
1 2 s
V
2 g c
g
2

Relacin entre Vp and Vg

Vg Vp = slip velocity
Empirical relation by
Hinkle (1954)
dp = particle diameter
(meters)
Particle density in
kg/m3

In English units
dp in feet
density in lbm/ft3

Vp
Vg

Vp
Vg

1 0.044d p0.3 0p.5

1 0.123d p0.3 0p.5

6

Bends (Curvas)

Fuente importante de desgaste por

atricin
Prdidas de presin se asocia a la reaceleracin de las del gas y de los slidos
Las curvas generalmente se especifican
por un cociente del radio de la curva al
dimetro R/D de la caera
Tpico en transporte R/D = 6 a 12
R

D
7

Curvas
Chambers and
Marcus (1986)
R/D >= 6, B = 0.5
R/D = 4, B = 0.75
R/D = 2, B = 1.5

Pbend

gV
B1 s
2 gc

2
g

w
s s
wg
8

Caeria Horizontal
Pressure loss associated
with frictional losses by gas
and solids
L = length of horizontal
section
z = solids friction factor
Use experimental data if
available

Phoriz

L gV
4 f z s
D 2gc

2
g

ws
wg

Factor Friccin para Slidos

For dp > 500 microns
z 0.082s

0.3

Fr

0.86

Fr

z 2.1s

d
p

0.1

0.25
s

For dp < 500 microns

0.3

d
p

0 .1

0.25
s

Fr Fr

where

ws
wg

Fr

2
g

gD

2
t

U
Frs
gD

Ut

= Terminal
Velocity
10

Vertical
Pressure loss accounts for frictional losses
plus static head (gravity)
Pvert

2
L gV g
g
0
4 f z
z
D 2gc
gc

0 g 1 p
ws
1
A pV p

Bulk density

Void fraction of gas phase

(recall for fluidized beds
voidage is typically 0.4 to 0.7)

11

Calculo de f
Factor friccin gas Ecuacin de Churchill

f = 2[(8/Re)^12+(1/A+B)^3/2]^1/12

Re = gVgD/

385100,85

A = [2,457Ln[1/((1/Re)^0,9+0,27*k/D)]]^16

B = (37530/Re)^16

k=

0,00015

Pie

12