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BRAUN BLANQUET
PROCEDURE
MOB743
2011
Marthie Kemp
Centre for Environmental Management
UFS
SOME TERMINOLOGY
Relev:
A relev is a list of species observed in a quadrant together with estimates of their
abundance/dominance and cover (Janos 2006)
Cover:
Measurement of the area covered by above-ground part of a plant of a species (Bullock
1996)
Abundance:
Measurement of density (Number of grasses in a plot)
Species Composition:
Assemblage of plant species in a plot
Richness:
The number of different plant species occurring in plot
ANALYTIC PHASE
SYNTHETIC PHASE
ANALYTIC PHASE
Reconnaissance of
study area
Homogenous*
Characteristic
Relev size* (Plot size)
Environmental Factors
SYNTHETIC PHASE
5m
5m
10m
10m
5m
5m
10m
10m
5m
5m
2. Aspect
3. Slope
4. Exposure
5. Topography
6. % Area covered by rock / size of rocks
7. Biotic influences
2a
2b
2a
2b
1 +1
2b 2a
+
2a 5
3
2b
3
3 2b
5
2b
5
5
4
5
4
2a
2b
ANALYTIC PHASE
Reconnaissance of
study area
Homogenous
Characteristic
Relev size
Environmental Factors
SYNTHETIC
PHASE
TURBOVEG
(Hennekens 1996)
TWINSPAN (Hill
1979a);
JUICE (Trichy & Holt
2006)
Megatab
Decorana
Dominant species
High abundance
LEVELS OF CLASSIFICATION
A Temperate Grassland Biome (Global)
B Grassland Biome (SA, Lesotho & Swaziland)
C Bioregions
Gh Dry Highveld Grassland Bioregion
D Vegetation Units
Drakensberg Grassland
Dry Highveld Grassland
E Gh 7 Winburg Grassy Shrubland
E Gh 8 Bloemfontein Karroid Shrubland
Mesic Highveld Grassland
Sub-Escarpment Grassland
s
Ju
le
p
m
a
x
e
n
a
t
Community
Sub- communities
Community
Ju
800
750
x
e
n
st a
e
l
p
am
1 1 .1 & 1 1 .2
700
650
Soil depth
Axis 2
600
550
500
3
1 & 6 .1
450
400
8 .1
350
300
250
200
8 .1
Deep Kalahari
sands
150
100
50
0
0
50
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850
Montane grassland
Pristine
Habitat
Habitat
Axis 1
Sandy plains
Disturbed
BIOGRAPHY
Bullock J (1996) Plants In: Sutherland WJ (Ed) (1996) Ecological census Techniques. A
Handbook. Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom
Hennekens SM (1996a) MEGATAB A visual editor for phytosociological tables. Giesen and Geurts
Hennekens SM (1996b) TURBO(VEG) Software package for input, processing and presentation of
phytosociological data. Users guide. University of Lancaster
Hill MO (1979a) TWINSPAN A FORTRAN Program for arranging multivariate data in an ordered
two-way table by classification of the individuals and attributes. Department of Ecology and
Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
Hill MO (1979b) DECORANA A FORTRAN Program for detrended correspondence analysis and
reciprocal averaging. Department of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
Janos P (2006) Braun Blanquets legacy and data analysis in vegetation science. Journal of
Vegetation Science, 17: 113 - 117
Kent M, Coker P (1992) Vegetation description and analysis: A practical approach. John Wiley
and Sons, New York, pp1 275. ISBN 0-4719-4810-1
Mucina L, Rutherford MC (2006) The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia
19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria
Mueller-Dombois D, Ellenberg H (1974) Aims and methods of vegetation ecology. John Wiley
Sons, New York, pp 10 66. ISBN 0-4716-2291-5
Mller ME (2002) The phytosociology of the central Free State. M.Sc Dissertation. University of
the Free State
Tricky L, Holt J (2006) JUICE Program for management, analysis and classification of ecological
data. Program Manual. Masaryk University Brno.