images

1.1.2

submission details
submitted by
#074 Nissim Raj Angdembay
AS-C

submitted to
Er. Rajan Karmacharya

1.1.2
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content

Images
Pixel
Resolution
Calculation of
Resolution
Graphics
Classification

Bitmap Image
Raster Graphics
Vector Graphics
Vectors
Nomenclature
Raster vs. Vector
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image
An image is a visible impression
obtained by a camera-device which
is displayed on a computer or screen.
An image is displayed on a screen
using a combination of pixels.

pixel
A pixel is a minute area of illumination on a
display screen, one of many from which
an image is composed. Pixels can also be
defined as the smallest component of an
image that can be displayed.
Inside the computer, pixels are generally
assigned a value using binary and are
represented as dots, rather than squares.
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resolution
Resolution is the measurement of pixel
density; that is, pixels per a unit
square. The higher the resolutions,
the more the pixels and hence
sharper the image.
Some notable resolutions include
720p, 1080p, 1080i etc.
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calculation of
resolution
Resolution is calculated by counting
the number of dots or pixels per a
unit area.

graphics
classification
Graphics may be classified into two core
types:
1) Bitmap: A representation in which each item
corresponds to one or more bits of information
2) Vector: A type of graphical representation
using lines to construct the outlines of objects
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bitmap image
A bitmap image is an image mapped
from some domain tobits (values
which are 0 and 1). This collection of
bits form an image.
This is also called abit array.
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In a bitmap image,
the image is
composed of a
matrix of
individual dots
which have some
information (like
colour). These are
arranged to make
up an image.
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raster graphics
Araster graphicimage is adot matrix
data structure representing a
generallyrectangular grid ofpixels
viewable via adisplay medium.
The more the number of bits, the better
the image quality for more information
is encoded. However, the image size
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vector graphics
Vector graphicsis the use ofgeometrical
primitivessuch aspoints,lines,curves,
andshapesorpolygonsall of which are
based on mathematical expressionsto
representimages.
Vectors images are more flexible because
they can be compressed or stretched
without any loss of information.
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In vector graphics, the file that results from a

graphic artist's work is created and saved as
a sequence of vector statements.
Instead of containing a bit in the file for each
bit of a line drawing, a vector graphic file
describes a series of points to be connected.
Vector graphics are very large in size because
each property of the object is defined.

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vectors
nomenclature
Drawing Objects: a geometric
component of a vector graphic
Properties: specifications of a graphic
such as thickness of a line
Drawing List: the list of drawing
commands that recreate a vector
graphic.

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raster vs vector
Raster graphics are usually suitable for displaying reallife images such as photography. Raster graphics
dont define properties of an object, hence cannot be
compressed or expanded without the loss of data.
Vector graphics are usually suitable for displaying
computer-generated pictures such as icons. Vector
graphics can be expanded or compressed without
the loss of data because the graphics is already
encoded as mathematical and the computer simply
draws.
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The reason why raster graphics are used for

photography is because raster graphics encode
a colour value to each pixel, hence display
richer colours and better flexibility. Raster
graphics are also significantly smaller in size
because the amount of bits can be controlled.
Vectors cannot do this because each property of
the object must be defined, which results in the
image being less-flexible and cartoonish.
Vector graphics are significantly bigger due to
more information being in it.
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questions?
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thank you!
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