Enzymes

By Jawad Khawaja

Enzymes
Proteins that act as biological catalysts
Catalysts increase the rate of a chemical reaction

Enzyme Substrate Complex

Substrate- the reactants of enzyme-catalyzed
reactions
Active site where the substrates bind on an
enzyme
Enzyme substrate complex - When the enzyme and
substrate come together, they form an enzymesubstrate complex
In the reaction the enzyme binds to the substrate
forming the enzyme substrate complex, converting
the substrates to products.

Things that Effect Enzyme Function

Shape of the enzyme
Temperature
pH
Regulatory Molecules

3 Topics that relate to Enzymes

1. DNA Polymerase
2. Active Transport
3. Proteins

How DNA Polymerase relates to

Enzymes
The principle enzyme DNA polymerase is involved in DNA
replication.

How Active Transport relates to

Enzymes
Enzymes are proteins and in active transport, small
molecules and ions are carried across membranes by
proteins in the membrane that act like pumps.

How Protein relates to Enzymes

Enzymes are proteins and proteins are macromolecules that
contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
They are also polymers of molecules called Amino Acids.

Question 1

What are enzymes?

Answer to Question 1
Enzymes are proteins that are
catalysts of chemical reactions.

Question 2
Explain how enzymes work,
including the role of the enzymesubstrate complex

Answer to Question 2
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions that take place in
cells and when the enzyme and substrate come together,
they form an enzyme-substrate complex

Question 3
Which of the following statements is false with respect to an
enzyme's ability to catalyze a reaction?
a) An enzyme provides a reaction surface and a suitable
environment for the reaction to take place.
b) An enzyme binds reactants such that they are positioned
correctly and can attain their transition-state configurations.
c) An enzyme allows the reaction to go through a less stable
transition state than would normally be the case.
d) An enzyme can weaken bonds in reactants through the
binding process.

Answer to Question 3
Correct answer:
c) An enzyme allows the reaction to go through a less stable
transition state than would normally be the case.

Question 4
Which of the following statements is not true regarding the
active site of an enzyme?
a) An active site is normally a hollow or cleft on the surface of
an enzyme.
b) An active site is normally hydrophilic in nature.
c) Substrates fit into active sites and bind to functional
groups within the active site.
d) An active site contains amino acids which are important to
the binding process and the catalytic mechanism.

Answer to Question 4
Correct answer:
b) An active site is normally hydrophilic in nature.

Question 5
Which of the following statements is incorrect with respect to
an enzyme's ability to catalyse a reaction?
a) an enzyme provides a reaction surface and a hydrophilic
environment for the reaction to take place
b) an enzyme binds reactants such that they are positioned
correctly and can attain their transition-state configurations
c) an enzyme allows the reaction to go through a more stable
transition state than would normally be the case
d) an enzyme can weaken bonds in reactants through the
binding process

Answer to Question 5
Correct answer:
a) an enzyme provides a reaction surface and a hydrophilic
environment for the reaction to take place

1 Career That relates to Enzymes

Forensic Scientist relate to Enzyme because Enzymes are
biomolecules that catalyze important biochemical reactions.
Understanding the function of enzymes has allowed
scientists to harness their properties to drive specific
laboratory processes.