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Sophia Sajul | Bea Mijares | Nicky Murillo | Ces Antonio

JP Flores | Shauneil Omillo

Nike was founded in 1964 as Blue


Ribbon Sports and initially operated
as a distributor for the Japanese
shoemaker Onitsuka Tiger (now
known as Asics). It officially became
Nike Inc. in 1971

The Nike swoosh


was designed by
Portland State
University student
Carolyn Davidson,
for just $35 (just
over $200 in today's
currency). At a later
stage she was given
stock that is now
worth more than
$640,000.

The
The multi-billion
multi-billion dollar
dollar
sportswear
sportswear company
company Nike
Nike
admitted
admitted yesterday
yesterday that
that it
it
"blew
"blew it"
it" by
by employing
employing children
children
in
in Third
Third World
World countries
countries but
but
added
added that
that ending
ending the
the practice
practice
might
might be
be difficult.
difficult.

"By far our worst experience and biggest


mistake was in Pakistan, where we blew
it," the report said. In 1995 Nike said it
thought it had tied up with responsible
factories in Sialkot, in Pakistan, that would
manufacture well-made footballs and
provide good conditions for workers.
Instead, the work was sub-contracted round
local villages, and children were drawn into
the production process. Now, it insisted, any
factory found to be employing a child must
take that worker out of the factory, pay him
or her a wage, provide education and re-hire

TIMELINE

After prices rose and labor organized in Korea and Taiwan,


Nikebegins to urgecontractors to move to Indonesia,
China, and Vietnam.
1991: Problemsstart in 1991when activist Jeff Ballinger
publishes a report documenting low wages and poor
working conditions in Indonesia.
Nike first formally responds to complaints with a factory
code of conduct.
1992: Ballinger publishes an expos of Nike.
His Harper's articlehighlights an Indonesian worker who
worked for a Nike subcontractor for 14 cents an hour, less
than Indonesia's minimum wage, and documented other
abuses.

1992-1993:Protestsat the Barcelona Olympics in 1992,


CBS' 1993 interview of Nike factory workers, and Ballinger's
NGO "Press For Change" provokes a wave of mainstream
media attention.

TIMELINE
1996: Kathy Lee Gifford's clothing line is shown to be made
bychildren in poor labor conditions. Her teary apology and
activism makes it a national issue.
1996: Nikeestablishes a departmenttasked with working to
improve the lives of factory laborers.
1997: Efforts at promotion become occasions for public
outrage. The company expands its "Niketown" retail stores,
only to see increasing protests. Sports media begin
challenging spokespeople likeMichael Jordan.
Abuses continue to emerge, like a report that alleging that a
Vietnamese sub-contractor ran women outside until they
collapsedfor failing to wear regulation shoes.

TIMELINE

Nike tasks diplomat and activist Andrew Young withexamining


its labor practices abroad.His reportiscriticized for being soft on
Nike. Critics object to the fact that he didn't address low wages,
used Nike interpreters to translate, and was accompanied by
Nike officials on factory visits.Since Young's report was largely
favorable, Nike is quick to publicize it,which increases backlash.
1997:College studentsaround the country began protesting the
company.
1998: Nike faces weak demand and unrelenting criticism. It has
to lay off workers, and begins to realize it needs to change.
The real shift beginswith a May 1998 speechby then-CEO Phil
Knight.The Nike product has become synonymous with slave
wages, forced overtime, and arbitrary abuse, Knight said. I
truly believe the American consumer doesnt want to buy
products made under abusive conditions.

TIMELINE

At that speech, he announces Nike will raise the minimum age of


workers; significantly increase monitoring; and will adapt U.S.
OSHA clean air standards in all factories.
1999:Nike begins creatingthe Fair Labor Association, a nonprofit group that combines companies, and human rights and
labor representatives to establish independent monitoring and a
code of conduct, including a minimum age and a 60-hour work
week, and pushes other brands to join.
2002-2004: The company performssome 600 factory audits
between 2002 and 2004, including repeat visits to problematic
factories.
2004:Human rights activists acknowledgethat increased
monitoring efforts at least deal with some of the worst problems,
like locked factory doors and unsafe chemicals, but issues still
remain.

TIMELINE
2005: Nike becomes thefirst in its industryto
publish a complete list of the factories it
contracts with.
2005:Nike publishes
a detailed 108-page reportrevealing
conditions and pay in its factories and
acknowledging widespread issues, particularly
in its south Asian factories.
2005-Present: The company continues to post
its commitments, standards, and audit data
as part of
its corporate social responsibility reports.

Sources:
http://www.businessinsider.com/history-of-nike-facts-about-its50th-anniversary-2014-11
http://www.commondreams.org/headlines01/1020-01.htm
http://www.businessinsider.com/how-nike-solved-itssweatshop-problem-2013-5

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