PRESENTATION

RECYCLED AGGREGATE
CONCRETE

BY
BRANCH
Year
sem)

----

Garima Rana

Civil engineering
4th year(8th

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS RECYCLE AGGREGATE CONCRETE?
CHARACTERISTICS OF RECYCLE
AGGREGATE CONCRETE
CLASSIFICATION OF RECYCLE AGGREGATE
CONCRETE
PROCESS OF RECYCLE AGGREGATE
CONCRETE
HOW TO PRODUCED RECYCLE AGGREGATE
CONCRETE
USE OF RECYCLE AGGREGATE CONCRETE
APPLICATION OF RECYCLE AGGREGATE
CONCRETE
BENEFIT OF RECYCLE AGGREGATE
CONCRETE
CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION
To achieve sustainable issue in
construction area, researchers and
companies focus on using waste
concrete as a new construction
material. It is called recycled
aggregate which can be produced
by concrete crusher.
RAC or Recycled Aggregate Concrete
is one of the most important use of
waste concrete and is being used
throughout the world .
It
is
manufactured
by
using
previously prepared concrete as
aggregate with fresh cement matrix.
It is sustainable and environment
friendly as it recycles the concrete
which would have been discarded as
waste and had to be dumped off.
It reduces the construction cost and
when used properly gives similar
performance as virgin aggregate
concrete.

What Is Recycle aggregate

concrete
It has lower density , elastic modulus, strength and
a higher water absorption capacity.
recycled aggregate has a proportional mortar which
attached to aggregate, it gives a higher porosity
and a lower strength to RAC than the normal
concrete.
In addition, since recycled aggregates require a
more amount of water than natural aggregate,
shrinkage issue could be a problematic to use RAC
in practically.

(cont.)
The strength of RAC greatly
depends on the micro structural
interfaces present in it.
There are two interfaces in RAC:
1.Old interfacial Transition
Zone(Old ITZ):It is the zone
formed
between
natural
aggregate and old cement
matrix.
2.New Interfacial Transition
Zone(New ITZ):It is the zone
formed
between
Recycled
Coarse Aggregate(RCA) and new
cement matrix.
The study of interfaces is
important as they are a prime
source of internal micro cracks
which greatly affect the strength
and durability of concrete.

SOME TERMS AND

DEFENITIONS
NORMAL MIXING APPROACH(NMA)
It is traditional mixing approach in which all the
ingredients are mixed all together.
It has been used for a long time and is effective for
the production of virgin aggregate concrete.
TWO STAGE MIXING APPROACH(TSMA)
In this method, the RCA is firstly mixed with cement
paste, which is followed by adding sand to the
mixture, thus making a two stage mixing.
The two-stage mixing can help to form a layer of
cement slurry on the surface of RCA to fill up the
initial damage such as micro-cracks and voids,
leading to an improved interfacial zone at the premix stage

Characteristics of recycle
aggregate concrete
Recycle aggregate concrete
has a Crushed stone and
clean waste concrete of at
least 95% by weight of
concrete with typical total
contamination lower than 1%
of the bulk mass
The characteristic of recycled
aggregates could be different
by its parent concrete
because the parent concrete
was designed for its purposes
such as permeable, durable
and high strength concrete

PROPERTIES OF RECYCLED
CONCRETE
Less Specific gravity.

High Water absorption.

Less Bulk density.
Relatively less Compressive strength.
Less Modulus of elasticity of 15% from
natural aggregate.
Flexural strength (0.95 7.2MPa).
Splitting tensile strength (0.3 3.1MPa).

Classification & properties of

recycle aggregate concrete
Crush
ing
age

Material composition is the

basis for classification of
recycled concrete
aggregate in two main
types1) Crushed concrete
2) Mixed material
Each of these types is
divided in a class for bound
and a class for unbound use

1 days

3 days

28
days

Coars
e
Mediu
m
Fine

Coars
e
Mediu
m
Fine

Coars
e
Mediu
m
Fine

Bulk
speci
fic
gravit
y

Bulk
densi
ty

Absor
ption
(%)

Crush
ing
value
(%)

2.59

1433

3.2

25.4

1220
1342
2.35
2.23
2.60

1433

n/a
9.7
11.2

n/a

3.4

25.3

1234
1342
2.38
2.25

n/a
8.1
11.4

n/a

24.3

2.55

1433

2.3

2.32

1278
1321

8.0

2.23

n/a
12.7

n/a

1. crushed concrete- This materials generally

resulted in increased water demand and
decreased workability.
2. Mixed concrete- mixed concrete remain
plastic for a short time. This properties are
important because they affect the quality
and in place cost of the hardened concrete

Process of recycle aggregate

concrete
Process of recycle
aggregate concrete crushing
pre-sizing
sorting
screening
contaminant elimination

How to produce recycle

aggregate concrete
Crushing and screening systems start
with primary jaws, cones and/or large
impactor taking rubble from 30 inches to
4 feet.
A secondary cone or impactor may or
may not need to be run, and then
primary and secondary screens may or
may not be used, depending upon the
project, the equipment used and the final
product desired.
A scalping screen will remove dirt and
foreign particles. A fine harp deck screen
will remove fine material from coarse
aggregate.
Further cleaning is necessary to ensure
the recycled concrete product is free of
dirt, clay, wood, plastic and organic
materials.
This is done by water floatation, hand
picking, air separators, and
electromagnetic separators.

Uses of recycle aggregate

concrete

 Smaller pieces of concrete are used as gravel for new

construction projects. Sub-base gravel is laid down as the lowest

layer in a road, with fresh concrete or asphalt poured over it.
The US Federal Highway Administration uses this techniques to

build new highways from the materials of old highways.

Crushed recycled concrete can also be used as the dry

aggregate for brand new concrete if it is free of contaminants.

Also, concrete pavements can be broken in place and used as a
base layer for an asphalt pavement through a process called
Rubblization.
Larger pieces of crushed concrete can be used as riprap

revetments, which are "a very effective and popular method of

controlling streambank erosion."

Challenges in the Indian

Context
For recycled concrete to be used in greater
quantities in a country like India, there are certain
aspects that need to be taken care of initially.
The setting up of a proper institutional mechanism
for taking care of all the steps, such as collection of
the construction and demolition waste,
transportation, and disposal is of key importance.
Outsourcing of such functions to private enterprise
is an idea that the concerned authorities could give
a though to in this day and age of open economies.

STEPS TO BE TAKEN
Set up of the necessary processing infrastructure.
Necessary infrastructure should also be available
for testing the quality of recycled aggregates.
Project developers need to be educated on on-site
waste management plans.
Concerned authorities need to plan an awareness
campaign, using the electronic and online media
to promote the virtues of recycled aggregates.
Removing misconceptions about recycled
aggregates as being of inferior quality among the
public.

Application of recycle
aggregate
Scope of application
CLASS-- H

No limitation are put on the

type segment for concrete &
structures with a nominal
strength of45 mpa or less.

CLASS M

Member not subjected to

drying or freezing and
thawing action, such as
piles ,under ground beam and
concrete fill in steel tubes.

CLASS-- l

Backfill concrete, building

concrete, and leveling
concrete

Benefit of recycle aggregate

concrete
There are a variety of benefits in recycling concrete
rather than dumping it or burying it in a landfill.
Keeping concrete debris out of landfills saves
landfill space.
Using recycled material as gravel reduces the need
for gravel mining
Using recycled concrete as the base material for
roadways reduces the pollution involved in trucking
material.
Crushing at the construction site using crushers
reduces
construction costs and the pollution
generated when compared with transporting
material from a quarry.

Demerits
Decrease in strength & modulus.
Greater moisture shrinkage potential.
Higher absorption capacity range from 3% 9%.
Reduced

workability

due

absorption capacity.
Lower bulk specific gravity.

to

higher

Conclusion
Initial moisture states of RCA is one of the most
important variables that impact strength and
shrinkage.
When oven-dried RCA is used, strength is used to
be greatly reduced but free shrinkage as measured
in this study was low.
The creep to free shrinkage ratio for RAC was
similar to that of normal concrete at 7 days under
restrained conditions.
When greater volume of recycled fine aggregates
and fly ash was used, free shrinkage of the
specimens was reduced.

The use of recycled aggregate has been

found to be better than that of virgin
aggregates for certain applications. For
example, the physical properties of recycled
aggregates make them ideally suited for road
base and sub-base. This is because of their
physical properties which means less cement
is required making them suited for sub-base
use. This is in addition to the cost benefits
accrued by developers in the process.

Recycled Concrete Aggregate

An idea
Whose Time Has Come

Thanking you