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An Overview of Photosynthesis
Light-dependent Reaction
Light-independent Reaction or Calvin Cycle
Chlorophyll B
Carotenoids (orange / red)
Xanthophylls (yellow / brown)
Anthocyanin (mostly red)
Electromagnetic
Spectrum
i gh
l
d
Transmitted light
Chloroplast
MESOPHYLL CELL
LEAF
Mesophyll
CHLOROPLAST
Intermembrane space
Outer
membrane
Inner
membrane
Granum
Stroma
Thylakoid
Thylakoid compartment
LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTION
it generates the production of ATP and
NADPH.
Light and water are required for this
process.
Organizing pigments into photosystems:
Photosystems are complex of proteins and
pigments. They are the light-collecting units of
the chloroplast.
2 types of photosystems:
ATP
mill
n
Photo
Two types of
photosystems
cooperate in the
light reactions
Photon
Water-splitting
photosystem
NADPH producing
photosystem
2.
3.
4.
5.
Photons
Energy for
synthesis of
PHOTOSYSTEM II
PHOTOSYSTEM I
by chemiosmosis
LIGHT-INDEPENDENT REACTION
Carbon fixation
2.
Making sugars
3.
Reforming RUBP
The Calvin cycle must turn 6 times in order to form a new glucose
molecule
The Calvin cycle also recycles reactants needed for the lightdependent reactions
CAM Plants
CAM Plants Crassulacean acid metabolism,
are those many succulent (water-storing) plants
such as cacti and pineapples.
CAM
Plants
reduce
the
effects
of
photorespiration by fixing carbon at night.
Carbon dioxide is processed through the C4
pathway during the night. It will then released
from intermediate molecules at night where it
then enters the Calvin Cycle.
A summary of
the chemical
processes of
photosynthesis
Photosystem II
Electron
transport chains
Photosystem I
Calvin
cycle
Cellular
respiration
Cellulose
Starch
Other
organic
compounds