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Diode and
Photovoltaic Effect in
BiFeO
3
Switchable Diode
Diode: Crystalline piece with a p-n junction connected
to two electrical terminals
Switchable Diode: the polarity of the diode can be
reproducibly switched by the reversion of the applied
electric field
Photovoltaic Effect
generates
polar
directions,
hence
BiFeO
BFO thickness(m)/A(mm2)
Electrodes
BFO1
70/ 2x2
BFO2
80/ 2.5x2.5
BFO3
90/ 1x2
*Diameter-circular thick
Samples
Au
Au
BFO
BFO
Au
BFO1
Au
BFO2
Ag
BFO
Ag
BFO3
Experiment 1
Sample: Au/BFO1/Au; Dark conditions
Au
BFO
Au
BFO1
Results
Diodelike behavior is observed
Current density increase with Temperature
Rectification ratio(R=J(E=+1.3)/J(E=-1.3) increase with
Temperature
Temperature (K)
Rectification ratio
200
13
250
159
300
488
350
495
Ag
Experiment 2
The polarization direction clearly has relevance
BFO
Ag
BFO3
Results
Flip in the electric polarization
after 150-V pulses
The diode forward and reverse
directions switch when the
direction of P is reverserd
The aplication of the second set of +150-V pulse does
not restore original configuration
Au
Experiment 3
BFO
Au
Au
BFO
Right
Au
Left
BFO2
Results
When a bias potential is applied to the material the
photocurrent follows the bias
When there is no bias, it follows the polarization direction,
and is always negative
Illumination-side
Photocurrent
(V=0), (A)
Reverse Vias
(A/cm2)
Left-side
-0.13
8.219
Right-side
-0.013
0.849
Au
Experiment 4
BFO
Au
BFO2
Results
The current without light decreased to 0.1 pA
Same zero-bias photocurrent direction in both sides
Much more intense with high energy light
Au
Experiment 5
BFO
Au
BFO2
Results
The PV effect is maximum when the polarized-light
electric field is parallel to the in-plane component of
ferroelectric polarization (=90)
The PV effect is minimum when the polarized-light
electric field is perpendicular to the in-plane
component of ferroelectric polarization (=0)
After the rotation by 90, the change of photocurrent is
similar, except for a 90 phase
Conclusions
Diodelike behavior and Photovoltaic effect has been
shown
Constructive criticism
Are the samples truly monodomains?