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Cellular Respiration
Harvesting Chemical Energy
AP Biology 2005-2006
What’s the point?
ATP
AP Biology 2005-2006
Harvesting energy stored in glucose
Glucose is the model
catabolism of glucose to produce ATP
glucose + oxygen → carbon + water + energy
respiration
dioxide
combustion = making heat energy respiration = making ATP (& less heat)
by burning fuels in one step by burning fuels in many small steps
ATP
fuel
AP Biology
(carbohydrates) CO2 + H2O + heat CO2 + H2O + 2005-2006
ATP (+ heat)
How do we harvest energy from fuels?
Digest large molecules into smaller ones
break bonds & move electrons from one
molecule to another
as electrons move they carry energy with them
that energy is stored in another bond, released
as heat, or harvested to make ATP
oxidation
exergonic endergonic
oxidation
NAD O NADH
H H H O
nicotinamide
Vitamin B3 C NH2 C NH2
N+ reduction N+
O– + H O– How efficient!
Build once,
O– P – O oxidation O– P – O use many ways
phosphates
O O
O– adenine O–
O– P – O stores energy O –
P –
O
O as a reduced O
AP Biology ribose sugar 2005-2006
molecule
Overview of cellular respiration
4 metabolic stages
Anaerobic respiration
1. Glycolysis
respiration without O2
in cytosol
Aerobic respiration
respiration using O2
in mitochondria
2. Pyruvate oxidation
3. Kreb’s cycle
4. Electron transport chain
C H O6 +
AP Biology
6 12 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP 2005-2006
(+ heat)
What’s the point?
ATP
AP Biology 2005-2006