Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
(1632 – 1704)
• Segundo Tratado :
Ensaio sobre a origem, extensão e objetivo do governo civil.
Justificação moral, política e ideológica, a posteriori, para a
Revolução Gloriosa e para a monarquia parlamentar inglesa.
It is important for any fair appreciation of Locke to remember that, although the mediaeval tradition was
interrupted, the mediaeval assumption that there is a law of nature, and that when ascertained it is
supreme, was still prevalent.Thus Locke was bound to begin with the 'state of nature.' No other way of
answering either Hobbes or Filmer would have given formal satisfaction. But this state, for Locke as for the
Schoolmen, is rather a perfectly conscious abstraction than an attempt to construct the actual origin of
society. The question is what a man's rights would be in the absence of any positive institutions. Frederick
Pollock. Locke's Theory of the State. Proceedings of the British Academy, volume 2, 1904, pp. 237-49,
1904
• O contrato social: pacto de consentimento para consolidar e proteger
direitos que possuíam no estado de natureza. Direitos naturais
inalienáveis à vida, liberdade e bens mais bem protegidos sob amparo
da lei, do árbitro e da força comum de um corpo político
unitário.