ROBOTICS AND EMBEDDED

SYSTEMS SIG 1
Basics & Mechanical Bot

WHATS IN STORE FOR YOU?????

09/23/15

CURRICULUM 2014-15
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MECHANICAL BOT
LINE FOLLOWER ROBOT AND ARDUINO BASIC
ARDUINO ADVANCE
AVR AND ATMega CHIPS
PROJECTS ALL OVER THE YEARS
COMPETITIONS LIKE RADIX AND BRAINWAVE

ROBOTICS AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

AN INTRODUCTION
Robots are intelligent electrical-mechanical devices
that can sense, think, actuate and interact with
humans. Their motion behavior can be influenced by
the programmed task as well as by the environment
in which they operate.
An embedded system is a set of computer
controlled devices that make products work while
remaining mostly invisible to the users of the
products.

BREADBOARD

MULTIMETER

BATTERY

LEDs, CAPACITORS, RESISTORS

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD

MECHANICAL BOT
It is a mechanical device which performs particular task.
These mechanical devices may be manually handled (so
called bots), semi-automated or completely automatic.
CHASIS
WIRES
DC MOTORS
TYRES AND CASTOR WHEELS
SWITCHES
SOLDER WIRE AND RODS

CHASIS

CHASIS Contd.
Chassis is the skeleton of the robot, which
holds the body and motor of the robot.
TYPES OF MATERIALS USED AS CHASSIS:
Aluminum:
A material of choice, basic and light weight, yet a strong robot building material.
Carbon fiber:
Extremely light weight and strong for tiny battle bots and flying robots. Has potential safety
hazards, but has a very high strength to weight ratio.
HDPE:
By far the best material for a robot chassis, this light weight plastic is cheaper than aluminum
and very easy to machine.
Velcro, Tape, Epoxies, nylon rods... Etc,

CHASIS Contd.
GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE CHASSIS
ARE:
High stiffness, high tensile strength, high compressive
strength and low density.
SHAPE:
The shape of the chassis can be designed according to
your need such that the final output will have the
minimum number of drive units to save weight and
money, which will further help in controlling the
robot easily.

RAINBOW WIRES

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MOTORS
DC (geared) motors: These are the basic electronic
motors used for robot movement. Each DC motor
has a fixed r.p.m.

These are of two types:

1. Centre shaft
2. Side shaft

MOTORS Contd.

MOTORS Contd.
Centre shaft: these motors are used in high speeds
and low torque requirement robot like line
follower, edge detector, racing ..etc.

Side shaft: These motors are used in high torque

requirement robots like all-terrain, movement of
heavy robots (robotic arm, tanker robot).

WHEELS

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WHEELS Contd.
The major parameters of the wheel design are diameter,
wheel base, track width and width of the wheel.
To make it simple, diameter of the wheel is of more importance
because the motor is of fixed r.p.m so to get high linear
velocity we need to have a larger diameter.
v=r* (as is fixed) v r
As wheel base (the distance between front and rare wheel)
increases bot bends because of its own weight.
So, optimum length is taken. Width plays a major role in contact
between ground and wheel, as width increases friction
increases.
Wheels are made up of plastic or may be machined from a nylon
rod and may be lined with rubber to increase friction.

CASTOR WHEELS

CASTOR WHEEL Contd.

Castor wheel rotates around an offset axis, causing a
force to be imparted to the robot chassis during
steering.Castor wheels are able to steer around a
vertical axis.
The main advantages of castor wheel are the easy
implementation, the high load capacity and the high
tolerance to ground irregularities.

SWITCHES
SPST (Single Pole Single Throw)
SPDT(Single Pole Double Throw)
DPST(Double Pole Single Throw)
DPDT(Double Pole Double Throw)

DPDT SWITCHES

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DPDT SWITCH CONTROLS

We use DPDT switches to operate our mech.bot.

DPDT switches provide a flexible connections of

changing polarity, there by reversing the supply.

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DPDT SWITCH CONNECTIONS

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DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE

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SOLDERING
Soldering Iron Rod

Soldering Wire/ Solder

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WHERE TO BUY

09/23/15

WHAT NEXT????
TRY STUDYING ON YOUR OWN, BUY THE
REQUIRED ITEMS AND MAKE YOUR OWN
MECHANICAL BOT.
2. WE WILL SOON CREATE A Fb GROUP FOR ALL
OF YOU TO GUIDE YOU THROUGH ANY
PROBLEMS.
3. NEXT SIG WILL BE AFTER MID SEMS. WE WILL
INTRODUCE AUTONOMOUS BOT AND ARDUINO.
HOPE TO SEE YOU ALL NEXT TIME.. WITH
THE MECH BOTS TOO!!!!
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