CAB 2012

HEALTH, SAFETY AND

ENVIRONMENT
Lecture 1

HSE MOVEMENT
THEN AND NOW

Lecture Content

Definitions
Importance of HSE
Historical Perspective of OSH
Development
Development of Accident Prevention
Development of Safety Organizations
HSE Movement Today
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Lecture Outcome

You should be able to

Define safety, health & environment

List out importance of HSE
Describe factors that drive the HSE
Movement

Definition
HEALTH
Mainly on physical health or mental health
issues related to workplace.
Can also be called as occupational health.
Example:
Ergonomics Hazard (physical health)
Stress (mental health)

Definition
SAFETY
Free from danger.
Concern with injury-causing situations and
hazards to humans that results from
sudden severe conditions.
Example:
Fire hazards
Temperature hazards

Definition
ENVIRONMENT
The combination of all things, matters
and factors to the individual or
population of organisms in questions.
Example:
Work place environment
Outdoor environment

Definition
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
Social, mental and physical well-being of
workers at work.
It aims to:
promote & maintain the highest degree of
physical, mental and social well-being of
workers

prevent adverse effects on health caused by

working conditions

provide occupational environment adapted to

physical and mental needs

adaptation of work to human

Why HSE is Important?

To prevent and eliminate the risk of

injuries, health hazards and damage to
properties.

To identify steps towards the conservation

and preservation of the environment.

Minimize the unsafe act or unsafe

conditioned
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Historical Perspective of
OSH Development
In the early state of our country
development, the economic structure
depended heavily on agricultural and
mining based activity.
The rapid developments taking place in
the Malaysian Industrialization program
have changed employment patterns to an
increasing emphasis on manufacturing
and service sectors of the economy.
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Positive/Good Points
HAND MADE ITEMS/TOOLS & PEOPLE/ANIMAL POWER

MASS PRODUCTION BY MACHINERIES & NEW METHODS

SPECIALIZATION OF WORK/WORKERS BECAME MORE

PRODUCTIVE

LIFE IMPROVED
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Negative/Bad Points
POLLUTION INCREASED

HARMFUL WORKING CONDITIONS/NEW

RISKS & DISEASES

CAPITALISTS EMPLOYED
WOMEN AND YOUNG
CHILDREN
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Various workplace accident from 1998-2002

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Reported industrial accidents from 1997 to mid 2002 stat

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Exercise

Looking at the graphs, describe

what would be the significant of
the numbers shown?

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Development of safety &

health movement
TRAGEDIES &
ACCIDENTS

ROLE OF
ORGANISED
LABOUR/UNION

SPECIFIC
HEALTH
PROBLEMS

GOVERNMENT RESPONSE
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Malaysias Milestone in HSE

Movement

1878 First Machinery Inspector is appointed

1892 Selangor Boiler Enactment
1953 The enactment of Machinery Ordinance/The birth of Machinery Dpt
1967 Factories and Machinery Act/Machinery Department expanded to
become Factories and Machinery Department (FMD)
1975 The enactment of Environmental Quality Act 1974/The formation of
Department of Environment
1992 Formation of National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH)
1994 Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 is adopted
FMD is transformed to Department of Occupational Safety and
Health (DOSH)
2000 Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals and Hazardous to
Health Regulations is operated.
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Development of HSE
programs

Early safety programs were based on

the Three Es of Safety.

Engineering

process &

- Design improvement in
product

Education/Research - Cultivate safety

awareness/habits

&

Enforcement - Ensure compliance to law

regulations
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Development of HSE
programs
Benefits:

Make the environment safe

Make the job safe

Make all employees do the job safely

Less compensation and medical bills

financial savings.

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Development of safety
organisations
Department of Occupational Safety and
Health (DOSH) is responsible for :
Ensuring the safety, health and welfare of
persons at work and;
Protections of other people from hazards
arising from the activities of persons at
work in various economic sector.
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Development of safety
organisations
National Institute Of Occupational Safety
And Health (NIOSH)
is the centre for training, consultancy,
information dissemination and research in
occupational safety and health in Malaysia.
Established in 1992 to spearhead the safety
and health culture at the workplace in
Malaysia.
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Development of safety
organisations
Social Security Organisation (SOCSO) /
Pertubuhan Keselamatan Social
(PERKESO)
is committed to ensure socio-economic
security of all working Malaysian citizens
including their dependants.

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Other related
organisations
Department of Environment
Department of Public Health
Ministry of Health
Ministry of Human Resource

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OSH situation in
Malaysia
Study by MTUC (Malaysian Trades Union
Congress)
Objective is to investigate:

Implementation of the OSH act 1994

OSH culture in workplaces
Heath & Safety situation in workplaces
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OSH situation in Malaysia

Based on 226 respondents participated in the
study
1. Implementation of the OSH act 1994
No OSH policy = 26%
No implementation of OSH policy = 40.5%
No OSH committee = 32.4%
No workers rep. in OSH committee = 30.2%
OSH committee elected by employer only =
44.7%
OSH committee not effective = 52.3%
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OSH situation in Malaysia

2. OSH culture in workplaces

First aid system in place = 80.2%

PPE provided = 76% but 45.1% use them
Not informed about OSH matters = 31.3%
No general medical examination for
workers = 51.1%
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OSH situation in Malaysia

3. Heath & Safety situation in workplaces

Fatal accidents happened = 23.7%
Workplace is not healthy = 43.5%
Undergo stress problem = 49.6%

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HSE Movement Today

Integrated approach to safety and
health
Medical treatment for injured or ill workers
Regularly monitoring of workers exposed to toxic
Qualified Doctor
HSE staf
Industrial Hygiene Chemist/Engineer,
Radiation Control Specialist,
Physicians, Psychologists,
Industrial Safety Engineer,
HSE executive, HSE manager.
Rapid growth in the profession Associate and Baccalaureate degree programmes in
industrial technology include industrial safety course
Engineering degree programs integrate HSE course27

Exercise

Describe what would be the factor

that drive the HSE movement in
the country?

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Summary
:

Lesson learned life

is precious and
cannot be replaced

Definition
The important
of HSE
Historical
perspective of
OSH
Development of
HSE program
and
organisations
Approach to
End of Lecture

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