DNA Reparation

DNA Recombination

2014

DNA Repair

Spontaneous DNA damage

El dao del ADN espontnea

Pathways to remove DNA

damage

Damage detection

Caminos para eliminar el

dao del ADN

The repair of Double-strand

break

La deteccin de daos

DNA repair enzymes

La reparacin de doble
filamento romper

Enzimas de reparacin del

ADN

Las alteraciones espontneas de nucletidos

rojo: El dao oxidativo
azul: Ataque hidroltico
verde: La metilacin incontrolada

Depurination and deamination

Despurinacin y desaminacin

Dimero de Timina

Mutation Generation passed on to daughter DNAs

Mutacin generacin transmite a los ADN hija

Mutation Generation passed on to daughter DNAs

Mutacin generacin transmite a los ADN hija

DNA Repair I

Recognition of unusual nucleotide by base flipping

recognized by DNA glycosylase family.
Reconocimiento de nucletidos inusual Por la base
flipping reconocido por la familia ADN glicosilasa

DNA Repair II

Emergency DNA Repair for Double helix break

perdida de nucletidos
debido a la degradacin de
los extremos

Proceso de copiado que implica la recombin

regin con el
segmento alterado
debido a los
nucletidos que
faltan
secuencia completa
restaurado por la
copia del segundo
cromosoma

DNA Repair Summary

Spontaneous DNA damage: spontaneous

alteration of bases, depurination and
deamination, thymine dimer
Pathways to remove DNA damage: base
excision repair, nucleotide excision repair
Damage detection: base flipping
The repair of Double-strand break:
nonhomolous end joining, homologous end
joining
DNA repair enzymes: heat shock proteins

DNA Recombination

Homologous (general) recombination

Site specific recombination

DNA Hybridization
The initial step for DNA
recombination

General DNA Recombination

Heteroduplex joint

General Recombination

Two homologous DNA molecules cross

over
The site of exchange can occur
anywhere
A strand of one DNA molecule has
become base-paired to a strand of the
second DNA to create heteroduplex joint
No nucleotide sequences are altered

The procedure of general recombination

DNA synapsis: base pairs form between
complementary strands from the two
DNA molecules

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Holiday Junction for DNA recombination

Exchange of the first single strand between two different DNA
double helices is slow and difficult, then intermediate state Holiday
Junction, then complete exchange

Summary for General

Recombination

General recombination allows large fraction of

genetic information to move from one chromosome
to another.
General recombination requires the breakage of
double helices, beginning with a single strand
breakage.
General recombination is facilitated by Rec A in
bacteria and its homologs in eucaryotes.
Holiday junction is the intermediate state of general
recombination

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